teapolyphenol (TPs) ni ijambo rusange ryimyororokere ya polyhydroxyphenolike mu cyayi, harimo flavanol (catechine), flavandiol, flavonoide na acide fenolike. Catechine ni icyiciro cyibintu byingenzi muri polifenole yicyayi, bingana na 60% kugeza 80% byicyayi cya polifenol. Zigizwe ahanini na monomer 8, zirimo epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, gallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, catechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin na epicatechin.

Mubikorwa byo gutunganya icyayi, okiside ya polifenol na peroxidase oxyde catechine kugirango ubone thearubin, theaflavin na theaflavin pigment eshatu zicyayi. Izi TP ntiziha icyayi gusa uburyohe bwamabara, ahubwo binagirira akamaro ubuzima bwabantu.

Muri iki gihe, mu gihe bakurikirana iterambere ry’ubukungu bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru, abantu batekereza kandi ku iterambere ry’icyatsi no gutunganya ibicuruzwa. Icyayi cya polifenole gifite antioxydants, antibacterial, anticancer hamwe n’ibikorwa byo kurwanya umubyibuho ukabije, bityo abashakashatsi bakoresheje mu buvuzi no mu biribwa.

Mu buvuzi, abashakashatsi bakoresha uburyo bwo gutanga kugirango barinde imiti yangirika byoroshye kandi banonosore ubuzima bwabo; Byongeye kandi, icyayi cya polifenole gihujwe na poroteyine na polysaccharide kugira ngo bikore ibicuruzwa bishya by’izuba ndetse n’ibiyobyabwenge, bikoreshwa mu kwita ku ruhu, kurwanya allergie, kurwanya indwara, kubungabunga ubuzima bwo mu kanwa no kugenzura metabolisme ya lipide.

Mu rwego rwubushakashatsi bwibiribwa, polifenol yicyayi ihujwe cyane na polysaccharide, proteyine, nibindi, binyuze mumikoranire ya molekile kugirango irusheho kumva neza ibiryo, kongera igihe cyo guhunika ibiryo, no gukora ibikoresho byo gupakira ibiryo. Dufatiye kuri ibi, twaganiriye ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku cyayi cya polifenole mu bijyanye n’ibiribwa n’ubuvuzi, kugira ngo dutange ibisobanuro ku bushakashatsi bwimbitse bw’icyayi polifenol mu biribwa n’ubuvuzi.

1.Imiterere ya chimique na chimique yicyayi polifenol

Icyayi cya polifenole gikomoka ku mababi y’icyayi kandi ni uruvange rw’ibinyabuzima bya polyhydroxyl, harimo catechine, anthocyanine, flavonol na acide fenolike, nibindi. Antioxydants nyamukuru ni catechine. Muri bo, epigallocatechin gallate yari ifite 50% kugeza kuri 60%, gallate ya epicatechin igera kuri 15% kugeza kuri 20%, epigallocatechin igera kuri 10% kugeza kuri 15%, gallatechine yari 6% kugeza 8% naho epicatechin igera kuri 4% kugeza 6%. Ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, icyayi polifenole nicyatsi kibisi cyoroshye cyangwa icyatsi kibisi cyoroshye, uburyohe butangaje, irwanya aside ikomeye, ihamye muri pH 2 ~ 7; Icyayi cya polifenole gifite hygroscopique kandi byoroshye guhindura ibara mubidukikije bya alkaline.

2.Ibikorwa bya biologiya byicyayi polifenol

Icyayi cya polifenole gifite ibikorwa bitandukanye byibinyabuzima nka antioxydeant, antibacterial na anti-mutation, EGCG ninshi muri catechine kandi ikina ibikorwa byingenzi birwanya antioxydeant. Igikorwa cyibinyabuzima kiva mumatsinda ya hydroxyl ya fenolike mucyayi polifenol, ikina ibikorwa byibinyabuzima muburyo butandukanye bwibiryo. Iyi mikorere idasanzwe ituma icyayi polifenole ikoreshwa cyane mubiryo.

Gukoresha icyayi polifenol mu biryo

1.Kuzigama neza no kubungabunga

Icyayi polifenole irashobora gukoreshwa cyane mukubungabunga ibiryo no kubungabunga ibidukikije, ingaruka zayo zidafite uburozi nibiranga umutekano biribwa bituma uhitamo neza. Irashobora gukumira ibara rya okiside yibiribwa, igateza imbere selile, kandi ikarinda intungamubiri mubiribwa.

2.Simbuza antioxydants ya sintetike

Hamwe no kwita ku kwihaza mu biribwa, icyayi cya polifenole kirimo gusimbuza buhoro buhoro antioxydants nka antioxydants karemano. Ntishobora gukoreshwa gusa mumavuta yinyamanswa nimboga, ibikomoka ku nyama, ibikomoka mu mazi, imbuto nimboga, nibindi, ariko birashobora no gukoreshwa mubikarito, bombo nibindi. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko ibikorwa bya antioxydeant yicyayi polifenole yakoreshejwe bwa mbere mumavuta nibiryo byamavuta. Bitewe nigikorwa cya hydroxyl ya fenoline kumpeta ya benzene ya catechine kugirango itange hydrogène, ifite ubushobozi bwo kugabanya imbaraga kandi ihinduka antioxydeant nziza yibinure.

Uburyo bwa antioxydeidike yicyayi polifenol ni uko itsinda rya hydroxyl ya fenol ikora, nkumuterankunga wa hydrogène, ihuza itsinda ryubusa rya aside irike, bigahagarika urunigi rwerekana aside irike, bityo bikabuza gukora hydroperoxide. Muri icyo gihe, icyayi cya elegitoronike cyicyayi cya polifenole kirashobora gushiramo hamwe nicyuma gihinduranya ibintu byamavuta, kuburyo bitakaza ibikorwa bya catalitiki kandi bigahagarika imiyoboro yubusa ituruka kumasoko. Byongeye kandi, groupe hydroxyl ya fenol ubwayo iba oxyde byoroshye, igabanya umwuka wa ogisijeni mumavuta kandi igatinda okiside yamavuta.

3.Iterambere ryibiribwa bikora

Icyayi polifenole yerekana imbaraga zikomeye mugutezimbere ibiryo bikora, kandi imiterere yihariye yimiti igena ko ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukuraho radicals yubuntu. Icyayi cya polifenole gifite ubushobozi buke bwa REDOX, itsinda rya hydroxyl ya polyo-fenol irashobora gutanga hydrogène kugirango ihagarike cyangwa ihagarike imiyoboro yubusa, kandi imiterere yihariye y’imiti igena ko ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukuraho radicals yubuntu. Icyayi cya polifenole kirashobora gukora sisitemu yo guswera ya radicals yubuntu, kandi ikabuza umusaruro wa radicals yubuntu muguhagarika okiside itera ibyuma byinzibacyuho ya sisitemu ya okiside. Nkibisanzwe bisanzwe byubusa, icyayi cya polifenole gifite akamaro mukubungabunga ubuzima bwabantu. Nubwo Ubushinwa bukiri mu ntangiriro muri uru rwego, bufite amahirwe menshi yo kwiteza imbere.

4.Gusaba mukubungabunga ibikomoka ku nyama nibikomoka ku mazi

Indwara ya bagiteri ikunze kwibasira ibikomoka ku nyama ni pseudomonas, Enterobacter, staphylococcus na salmonella, na bagiteri nyamukuru zitera kwangirika kw'ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi ni bagiteri ya pseudomonas. Icyayi cya polifenole kirashobora kubuza cyane kubyara za bagiteri zitandukanye, kugabanya umuvuduko wa okiside yibinure, gutinda kwangirika, bityo bikongerera ubwiza bwibikomoka ku nyama n’ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi.

Mu myaka yashize, icyayi cya polifenole mu ngurube, inyama zinka, inyama n’ibindi bicuruzwa by’inyama hamwe n’ibice bitandukanye by’amafi, surimi, imipira y’amafi na shrimp hamwe n’ibindi bicuruzwa byo mu mazi byagaragaye nyuma y’ikindi, ni uburyo bwiza bwo kubika neza. Umubare munini w’ubushakashatsi werekanye ko uko umuti w’icyayi wa polifenol ukomeza kwibanda cyane, niko ingaruka nziza yo kubuza mikorobe y’ibikomoka ku nyama n’ibikomoka ku mazi, ariko icyayi cya polifenole kizagira ingaruka mbi ku myumvire y’inyama, bikavamo ibara ry’inyama. Icyayi polifenole irashobora kubuza imikurire ya bagiteri nyinshi, ariko uburyo bwayo ntibusobanutse.

5.Gusaba kubika imbuto n'imboga

Kugenzura neza igihombo cyamazi yatewe na mikorobe yangiza kwangiza imbuto; Icyayi cya polifenole gifite antioxydeant nyinshi, gishobora kugabanya kwangiza kwangiza imbuto n'imboga, kugenga imikorere ya okiside ya polifenol, no gukora uburyo bwo kwirinda imbuto n'imboga. Muri icyo gihe, molekile yicyayi polifenol irimo amatsinda menshi ya hydroxyl ya fenolike ikora, ishobora gutanga hydrogène muri molekile kuri vitamine C mu mbuto n'imboga, kugirango ibashe gukomeza kugabanuka no kugabanya vitamine C.

Ubwinshi bwicyayi cya polifenole cyatewe cyangwa gitwikiriwe hejuru yimbuto n'imboga mbisi birashobora kubuza imyororokere ya bagiteri no kongera ubuzima bushya bwimbuto n'imboga. Uburyo bushya bwo kubika ibintu biragoye, kandi ibintu byiganje biratandukanye nubwoko butandukanye bwimbuto n'imboga. Byongeye kandi, polifenole yicyayi irashobora kandi gutinza igihe cyera nyuma yimbuto n'imboga, kuko bigira ingaruka buhoro kubikorwa byibinyabuzima byimbuto n'imboga. Nyamara, uburyo bwo kubungabunga icyayi cya polifenole ku mbuto n'imboga zitandukanye ntabwo ari kimwe, kandi ibipimo bisabwa hamwe nogukoresha ibintu bitandukanye biratandukanye, nabyo bikeneye ubundi bushakashatsi.

Gukoresha icyayi cya polifenol mu buvuzi

1, kurwanya okiside no kurwanya imirasire

Kubera imiterere yihariye ya chimique, polifenole yicyayi ifite imbaraga za antioxydants ikomeye cyane, ikaba irenze kure antioxydants isanzwe nka VC, VE na antioxydants artificiel BHT, BHA nibindi. Byongeye kandi, polifenole yicyayi irashobora kandi gukuraho radicals yangiza yubusa, ikongerera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, kandi ibikomoka kuri catechin birashobora kandi kugabanya uburozi bwibyuma biremereye kumubiri wumuntu hamwe ningaruka zo kurwanya imirasire, bityo bizwi kandi nka "busters imirasire".

2.Imikorere ya Hemostatike

Icyayi cya polifenole gifite ibikorwa bya antioxydeant na antibacterial, bityo birashobora kubuza guhagarika umutima no kubyara kwa bagiteri aho byakomeretse, bigatera imitsi y'amaraso muri vitro no kubitsa kolagen, gukora selile zitukura na neutrophile, kandi bigahita bihagarika kuva amaraso. Poroteyine, ibintu bya coagulation, platine na fibrin ahakomeretse bihuza hamwe nicyayi cya polifenole kugirango bitange ibice bya coagulation kandi byihute gukira ibikomere.

3.Ubuvuzi bwa antitumor

Icyayi cya polifenol, cyane cyane ibikomoka kuri catechin, bifite ingaruka zo kurwanya mutation no kurwanya kanseri, bishobora kubangamira no kubuza inzira ya lipide peroxidation, kubungabunga no kunoza imikorere ya enzyme mu mubiri w’umuntu, kandi bikerekana ingaruka nziza mu gukumira no kuvura kanseri y’igifu, kanseri y’inda n’izindi ndwara.

4, kugabanya lipide yamaraso, kubuza aterosklerose

Icyayi cya polifenole irashobora kubuza cyane kwiyongera kwa cholesterol muri plasma numwijima, bigira ingaruka zo gusohora imyunyu ngugu ya lipide iva mu mwanda, ntibishobora gusa gukumira aterosklerose, ariko kandi bigira n'ingaruka zo kugabanya ibiro. Muri byo, EGCG hamwe na catechine bigenga metabolisme ya lipide mu kubuza kwinjiza intungamubiri mu nzira ya gastrointestinal, kugenzura imiterere ya selile na lipide, kugenzura ibimera byo mu nda, no kunoza insuline.

5.Kwirinda indwara z'umutima

Icyayi cya polifenole gifite ingaruka nziza zo gukumira no kuvura indwara zifata umutima, cyane cyane mukubuza aterosklerozose iterwa na cholesterol nyinshi hamwe na triglyceride. Byongeye kandi, icyayi cya polifenole kirashobora kandi gufasha kugumana umuvuduko wamaraso no kugabanya isukari kugirango isukari igabanuke.

6.Anti-okiside no kurwanya gusaza

Icyayi polifenole irashobora gukuraho radicals yubusa ikabije mumubiri wumuntu kandi igabanya umuvuduko wo gusaza kwumubiri wumuntu. Igikorwa cya antioxydeant yicyayi polifenol ikomera kurusha VE, kandi nibyiza iyo uhujwe na VC na VE.

7.Gukumira

Byaragaragaye ko icyayi cya polifenole gishobora guhagarika cyane bagiteri ya cariogenic kandi ikagabanya cyane icyerekezo cya plaque na parontontal.

8.Antibacterial na antiviral

Polifenole irashobora kugabanya poroteyine ngirabuzimafatizo, gutandukanya no guhagarika poroteyine. Ukoresheje ihame rya antibacterial na antiviral icyayi polifenol, catechine yakoreshejwe mumashanyarazi mumahanga. E.