Youdaoplaceholder0 1.1 ???? ????? ??????? ?????????

???????? ????? ????? ????????? ???, ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ??: ??????????? (???????? ?? ???????? ????), ???????????? (???????? ????) ?? ??????????? (?????? ????) ???? ?????, ?????? ?? ????????? ??? "??????? ??????????" ??? ???? - ?? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? "????? ???????" ? ??. ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????. ?????? ????? ???, ?? ??????????????? ?? N-???????? ??????????????? ????? ????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ???? ??? ?????.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 1.2 ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????????

1980 ?????? ???? ???????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???. ??? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????. ????? 2018 ?? ???? ?????? ??????? UK (CRUK) ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???: ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??, ????? ???? ?????? 20% ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? 40% ???? ??? ?? ???, ??????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?? ???, ??????? ???????? ???? 2.3 ???????? ????? ??? ???. ??? ???? ????? "?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????" ?? ????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 2 ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????: "???? ?????" ????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????

Youdaoplaceholder0 2.1 ?????????? ???????????: ???????? ??? ?????????? "???????? ??????"

?????? ????? "????????? ?????" ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????. ?????-13 ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? CRUK ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? (GLUT1/3) ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????. ???? ?????, ????? ?? ???, ?? ???????????? ????? ??????-6-???????? (M6P) ??? ??????? ??????????? ??. ??? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? "?????????? ???????" ?????, ?? ATP ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????????????? ???????? ????? (ROS) ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???????? (???? 1).

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Youdaoplaceholder0 2.2 ?????????? ???????: ?????? ????? "??? ????" ???? ?????

2023 ??, ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? "????????? ???????????" ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???. ???????????? ??? ??????????????? (PDAC) ??????? ??, ?????? ?????????? ???????? H3K27 ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???, ??? ??????????? ??? MYC ?? KRAS ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ???. ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???, ??? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? - ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???, ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?????.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 2.3 ?????????????? ???????? ????? ??????????????: PD-L1 ?? "???? ?????? ??????? ?????" ??? ?????.

???????? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????, ?????????? ??? ??????? 1 (PD-L1) ?? ??????????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ????. ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ???? ?????? PD-L1 ?????????? 192 ?? ??????? ????????? ?? N-??????????????? ??????? ?? ????, ??? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????. "???? ????" ?? ??????? ????? ??? PD-L1, E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW41 ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???. ??????? ????? ???, ?????? ?? ??????-PD-1 ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? 28% ??? 79% ????? ???? ???? (???? 2).

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Youdaoplaceholder0 3 ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????: ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ????

Youdaoplaceholder0 3.1 ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ???????

CRUK ?? ????????? ?????? ???????, ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???, ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???. ???? ?????, FOLFIRINOX ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???, ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? 42 ??? ??? 98 ????? ????? ??? ?? ???, ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ????????? MD ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????-??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ??? ???: ???????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? 45% ??? 72% ????? ???? ????. ???? ?????, ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? 15% ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????. ??????? ???????????? ???? ???? ??? ???-?????????? ??? ????????-???????? ?????????? (PMI) ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????, ?????? M6P ????????-6-???????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 3.2 ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????

2022 ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? I ?????? ?????? ???????? (NCT05220739) ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? 32 ?????? ?????? ???. ?????? ?????? ??????? 5 ? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????, ?????? 8 ???????? ????? ?????? DNA (ctDNA) ?????? 50% ?? ??? ??? ?? ???, ? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? 31% ???? ??? ???. ???? ?????, ???????? ??????? 10 ????? ??? ??? ???, ?????? 3 ?????? ??? III ????????? ????? ??? ?? ???, ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????. ?????????, ????-???????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????. ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? 78% ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 4 ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????: ?????? ???????? ???? ??????

Youdaoplaceholder0 4.1 ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?

????????? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? (????????????? ???)

1200 ??

?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ? (??????)

???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????

??????? 1200 ????? ??? ???? ??), ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? (????? ??????? 10-20) ????????? ??????. ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? GinkgoBioworks, Escherichia coli ?? mannose-1 - guanosine phosphate transferase (MPG) ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? 30g/L ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? 50/kg ????? ??? ?? ??. CRISPR-Cas9-???????? ??? ?? Saccharomyces cerevisiae ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ???? mannose ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ??.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 4.2 ?????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ???? ???? ??? ????????

"?????? ?????? ????" ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ???, "?????? ???? ????? ?????????" ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???, ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????. 2023 ??, ?????? ???? FDA ?????? ?????????? 23 ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????, "???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?????" ??????? ??????? ????. ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ???????????? ????????? ???? ?????? - ???? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ???????? 80% ???? ??????? ?? Fusobacterium nucleatum ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????. ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 ????? ????????? ????? ??????????: ???????-???? ????? ????? ?????

Youdaoplaceholder0 5.1 ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????

?????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? "?????? ???????? ?????" (MSS) ??????? ?????? ??? ?? GLUT1 ?? ???????? ?????, ???????????? ??????????????? ?? PMI ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????, ≥75% ? MSS ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ????.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 5.2 ?????? ????-??????? ?????? ???????? ???

????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????. MIT ??????? "??????-?????????????" ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? ???, ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???. ??????? ?????? ?????????, ??? ????????? ??????-??? ???????????? ????????????? ????????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? 60% ???? ??? ???. ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????: ?????? ???????????? Ce6 ??? ??????? ????????, ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? "???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????????" ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????.

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Youdaoplaceholder0 ??????: "?????? ????" ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????.

?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ???????. ?????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ?????, ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ???? ???-??? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????. ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????????, ??? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????, ??????????? ??????? ? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? - ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????, "?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????, ?? ???????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????." ???????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? "?????? ???????" ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????.