?? ??????, ?? ?????? ???? ????????, ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ????. ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ??, ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????, ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????, ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????????? ??? ??, ???????, ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????. ???? ??? ???????????? ?????? ??? (???????????, ????, ????, ????) ?? ???? ??? (??????? ???, ??? ??? ????) ??? ???? ??, ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? 6 ?? ????? ?????:

1) ???? ?????? ??????? (???????): ????????, ????? ????????, ??????????? ??????????, ??????????? ??????????, 2-?????????-3-?????? ??????????, ???? (2-??????-3-??????) ???????????, ?????? ??????????????????? (MCP), ????;

2) ????? ????: ??????? ????????? (MSG), ??????? ??????? (IMP), ??????? ?????????? (GMP), ??????? ??????? + ??????? ?????????? (I+ G), ??????????? ???????? (MSS), ????????? ???????? (DSS), ????;

3) ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??: ?? ????, ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????, ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????;

4) ????????? ????????????????? ???? ?? ????: ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????????? ???? ?? ???????? ????;

5) ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????: ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ????.

??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??:

1) ???????? ??????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????;

2) ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???, ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??, ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ????? ?? ?????, ????, ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????, ???? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?????;

3) ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????, ?????? ??????? ??? ?????;

4) ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???, ??? ???? ??????? ? ??? ????, ?????? ???? ???????????? ?? ????, ????, ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????;

5) ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ???, ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ?? ????????, MCP ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???.

6) ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????. ???? ?????? ???? ????????, ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???, ???? ??????? ??????????? ??????????, MCP ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ????.

7) ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????, ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??.

????? ??? ?????? ??????????

A, ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????

(?) ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??, ???? ??? ???? GC/MS ???????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???, 1% ??? 20% ????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? (???? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????, ??????? ???). ????????, ???????, ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? (????????, ????????), ??????? ???? 2-??????????????????? ?????, ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????, ?????????, 93 ℃ ?? ???????? ?? ??, ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????, ????? ??????, ????? ?? ????? ????. ???????? 2-????? ????????????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? (??????2?????), ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???, ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??. ???? ???? ????????? ??, ?????? ?? ??????????? ????????? (PG) ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? 4 ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????: 1) ??????? ?????? ????????????????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???, ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????; 2) ?????? ??????? ????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????? ??????? ????, ?????? ????????????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ??; 3) ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? 3-8 ?????? ??? ?? ???, ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ?????; 4) I + G, MSG, MCP ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???, ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????.

(?) MCPMCP, 3-??????-1, 2-???????????????????? ?? 3-??????-2-????????????-2-???????????????-1-??? ???? ????????, ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????. ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???. MCP ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??, ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????, MCP ? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ????????????? ???? ??.

(3) ??????????? ??????????, ???? ?????????? ???? ????????, 2-???????? ????????????????. ??? ?????????????, ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???, ???? ?? ???, ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? 1% ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???, ????? ??? (???? ??? ????) ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ???? GC/MS ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???, ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????. ???? ?????????, ??????????? ?????????? 1% ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????.

(4) ????????; ????????) ??????? ???? 2, 5-?????????-4-????????????-3 (2H) -????????, ???? ???, ??? ???? ?????? ??????, ??????? ??? ?????? ??. 1960 ?????? ???? ???????, ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????, ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????????. ???????? ???????? ???????, ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???, ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????, ???????? ??????, ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????, ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???, ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??. ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? 5.5 ??? 6 ????? ?? ???????? ????? 16 ??? 20 ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??. ???? ??? ???? GC/MS ????????????, ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???, ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? 5% ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ???, ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???, ?? ????????, ????????, ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????. ??? ?????????? ????????? ????, ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????, ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??. ????????, (I + G) ?? MSG ?????? ???? ?????? 1 ????? ????? ??.

(5) ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???: 2-??????-3-????? ??????????, ???? (2-??????-3-?????) ???????????, 2-??????-3-??????-??????????, 2-??????-3-???????????????????? ??????????, ????. ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??, ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????? ????.

???, ????? ??????? ??????

(?) MSGMSG ??? MSG ?? ??? ?? L-????????? ???????, ??????? ????????? ???? ????????. MSG ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????, ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? 0.014% ??. MSG ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??. ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???, ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???.

MSG, IMP, GMP ?? (I + G) ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????. (MSG + IMP) 0.05 g/L ?????? ?????????????, MSG∶IMP = 1∶1 ?? ???, ????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???; MSG ?? IMP ???????????, IMP ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? 50% ????? ???? ?? ???, ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???. IMP ?? ?????? ???? 50% ??? 100% ????? ???? ?? ???, ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???.

MSG ???? ??? (I + G) ??? ?????? ?? ???????? MSG ???????, 99% MSG+ 1% (I + G) 2 ???????? ???? ?? ?????, 98% MSG+ 2% (I + G) 3.5 ???????? ???? ?? ?????; 96% MSG+ 4% (I + G) 5 ???????? ???? ?? ?????. ??? ??? ????????, MSG ???? ??? (I + G) ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???, ??????? ????? 1 ????? ????? ??.

(2) IMP, GMP ?? (I + G) IMP ?? GMP ????? ???????????? ???? ???, ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????, ?????, ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????. IMP ?? GMP ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???, GMP ?? ????? ?????????? IMP ??? ??? 3 ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???, ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? (????, I + G, IMP ?? GMP 50% ?????? ??). MSG, IMP, GMP, (I + G) ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????, ????????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????, ??? ???, ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????.

(3) MSS ?? DSSMSS, DSS ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??, ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ????????? (?????? ???, ???????, ???????????, ??????????, ??????, ???????? ????) ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????, ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? MSG ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????.

3.????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????

????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?. ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??, ????????? ???? 10 ?? ??? (?????????????, ????????, ???????????????, ????????, 5-??????????????, ????), ?????? ?????????? (??????, ??????????, ????) ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???? 10 ?? ??? ????? ??. ???? ?????, ?? ???????? ???, ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ??. ?????????????, ?????????, ??????????, ?????, ????, ???????, ??????, ???????, ???????, ???????, ????????, ????????, ???????????, ????????, ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? 208 ???? ???? ??????? ????? 17 ?? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??. ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???, ????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ??, ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????, ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ?????. ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???, ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????.

???????, ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????????????

?????? ???????????????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ?? ??, ????????? ???: 1) VB1 → bis (2-methyl-3-furanyl) ???????????; 2) α-??????????????? ?????? + (NH4) 2S →H2S, ????; 3) ?????????? + (NH4) 2S →H2S, ????; 4) ???????? ?? ????? ??????????? ???????? + (NH4) 2S →H2S, ????.

??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????, ????????? ?? ???????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????, ??? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??. ???? ?????, ??? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????, ????????????, MSG, (I + G), ????????, ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??, ?????? ???? ??? ???? MSS, DSS, ?? ???? ??? ???, ???? ???, ????, ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??.