???????????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????? ???? ??????????? (?????????? 5-??????????? ??????, ??????-??????) ?????????? ??. ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? [1]. ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????-?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????, ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????????. ???????????? ?????? ????? ????, ???????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? "??????????" ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??? "??????-??????" ????? ?????????? ????? ??? [2]. ?????? ?? ???, ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????: ????????? ?? ??????. ??? ?????-????? ????? ???? ?? ???, ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???? [3]. ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????. ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????????? ????? ??? ????????? ????. ???????, ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? [4,5,3].

?? ??????? ??? ?????

??????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? ????. ????????????? ??? ?????, ?? ????? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? [4,6]. ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????????????? ???????? ?? ????? [4,5,2]. CDP ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ?? ??????????????? ?????? ????, ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????????? A2 ? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? [7,8]. ????????? ???, ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? [9,10,1].

???? ?????????

????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????. ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????. ?????? ???? ???? ???? [11,12] ?????? ??: ???? ??? (??????) ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? (????????? ???? ???) ???????? ?????????? ?? ??? RNA ??????????????? ??; ?? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? [13,14]. ?????????? ?????? (??????????, ???????) ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????, ?? ?????: ?????? ?????-?????? ???????????????????? ????????

??????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????.

1) ?????? ??????

???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ??. ?????? ?????? ?????? 14 ? ???????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? CDP-choline ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? [9]. ???????? ?????? 2,800 ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??????, ?????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???, ?????????? 21% ?? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????????? 45% ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???. ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? [18]. ?????????? (??? 9 ?? ???? 1000mg) ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? 350 ?????? ??? ??????????? ???, ???? ?? [19]: ????????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? 210 ???????? ??????? ??????, CDP-choline ????, ????????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????. ?????????? (2000mg) ???????? ???? ?? ????, ????? ??? ???? [20,21,22]. ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????. ????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???????? ????... ?????? ??????????? 135 ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??, ????????? (250-500mg) ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? [23,24]. ?????? ?? CDP ?????? (250mg) ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? 60 ?????? ??? ????????????? ???? ??? ????. ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? [25]. ?????? ??????????? 24 ?????? ???, ????????? (500 ?? 1000mg) ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? ?????? - ??????? ????, ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????, ?????? ??????????????? - ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???? [26]. ?? ????????????, ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???. [26] ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????. ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? 19 ?????? ?????? ????????? ??, ??????????? (??? 8 ?? ???? ????? 2,000 mg) ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???, ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? [27,28]. ????? ?????????? ????, ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ???, ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????.

2) ???? ????????????

????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????. ??????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? [29,30]. ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? (?????? 1,300 ?? ??? ????) ???? ??????????? ????, ????????? ??? ??? 24 ?? ????? ?????????? ??????????? 2000 ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? 38% ???? ???? ??? [10]. ???????? ???? ???? ??? 4,000 ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????; ??? ?????????? (2000-4000mg) ????? ?????? ??. ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? [31]. ?????? 3,000 ?? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? CDP-choline ?? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? [32,33]. ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????. ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? [34,35]. ??????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????.

3) ?????? ?????

????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???, ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????. ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? [1] ???? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??: ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? [36]. ???????? ?????? 80 ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??, ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??, ?????? ?????????? ?? ???, ????? ???????? ???????? ??? [37,38]. ??????????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? (?????? 68) ??? ???????? ???????? ???? [39,40]. ??????????????, ?? "??????? ??", ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ??. ?? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ?????. [41] ????? 190 ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ??? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? (??? ????) [42,43,44] ?????????? ????. CDP choline (????? 1000mg) ?????? ????? ????????????????? ????? ??????????? 10 ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????. ????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ???????? ??? ????? [45]. ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? 26 ?????? ???, ?????????? (??? 2 ?? ???? ????? 1600mg) ?????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? [46]. ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????????, ??? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????, ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ?????, ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ?????.

4) ????? ?????

????????? ?????, ????? ?????????????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????. ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????. ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ?????????? (??? 1-3 ?? ???? ????? 1000mg) ????????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? [47,48,49]: ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? (????????? ?? IL1B) ???? ?????, ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ????. ?????? ????????? ??, ????????? ????? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????? (APOE-e4 ???????) ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??. APOE-e4 ??????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? (?? ???? ??? ??? ???) ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? [48,50]. ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? (?????? 600 ?? ???) ???????? ???????? ???? [51,52]. ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???, ??????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????. ??? ??????????? ???, ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? [53]. ??????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ????????? ???? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??, ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????. ????????? ???? ??? ????? ???, ??????????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????. ?? ????? ??????????? ????? ? ???? ?????? ???? [54,55]. ??? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?? ???? ???, ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??. ??? ???????????? ??? ????? ???, ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ?? [56,57].

5) ?????? ???? ?? ?????????????? ??????? ???

?????? ??????? ?????? 50 ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????????, ????????? ?????? (citalopram) ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? [58]. ????? ???, CDP-choline ????? ????, ??????? ?? ??? ???????????? ??????????????, ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? [59,60]. ???????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????????? (????) ??????? ????? 60 ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? (??? 3?? ???? 2000 mg/?????). ???????????? ??????? ????? 31 ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????, ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? [61,62]. ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? 130 ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? (??? 3?? ???? 500-2,000 mg) ??????????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???. ???? ?????, ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? 20 ???????? ?????? ????????, ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? [63,64,65]. ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????, ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ??? ???? ????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? [66]. ??????????????? ????? ?????? 66 ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????. ?? ?????????? ????? ??, ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? "???" ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????. ???? ????????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ? [67]. ?????? ??????????? 24 ?????? ???, CDP-choline ???????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? [26]. ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????, ?????? ???? ?? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????.