Citicolineis one nucleotide inoumbwa nucleic acid, cytosine, pyrophosphate uye choline, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukurapa kwehutano hwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zveurourodegenerative, zvakadai sechirwere cheAlzheimer, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis nezvimwe zvakadaro. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidzawo kuti citicoline inogona kuwedzera uropi kutora dopamine uye glutamate, nekudaro ichivandudza kugona kwekuziva. Ciphocholine inogonawo kuderedza kusunungurwa kwemahara emafuta acids uye kudzorera basa re mitochondrial ATPase uye cell membrane Na+/K+ ATPase, nokudaro kuderedza kukuvara kwehuropi. Nekudaro, nzira dzepathophysiological dzezvirwere zveurourodegenerative dzakaoma uye dzinosanganisira kushomeka kwecholinergic, glutamate excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, immune dysregulation, kuderera kweglucose metabolism, uye kuparara kweropa-brain barriers.

Citicolineinogona kudzikamisa membrane yesero nekukurudzira S-adenosine-L-methionine, kuwedzera dendrite kuomarara uye spinous process density yemota neuron chimiro, kuvandudza mapurasitiki etsinga munzvimbo dzisina kukuvadzwa, uye kukurudzira kushanda kupora.

Citicoline inogona kuderedza chiyero chemvura-soluble lecithin phosphate kuburikidza nekusimudzira choline phosphate cytidylytransferase (CCT) uye inhibisa basa re secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2) kana kudzivisa kushandiswa kwePLA2 nekudzivisa TNF-a / IL-1b kuderedza kurasikirwa kweiyo phosphoslipid kugadzirisa uye membrane ye phosphoslipid.

Citicoline inogonawo kuwedzera kutaura kwe-anti-apoptotic zvinhu zvakadai seBcl-2 uye inhibit glutamate kusunungurwa kuderedza cytotoxicity.

Ciphocholine inokurudzira kukurumidza kugadzirisa kweakakuvadzwa maseru uye mitochondrial membranes, inochengetedza kusimba kwesero uye biological basa, uye inoderedza emahara fatty acid kuburitswa, nekudaro ichidzikisa chepfu oxygenated metabolites uye mahara radical kugadzirwa.

Citicoline inogona kuwedzera vasopressin uye plasma adrenotropin mazinga, uye kukurudzira kusunungurwa kwekukura kwehomoni, thyrotropin uye luteinizing hormone.

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzirira dze citicoline sodium, kunyanya nzira nhatu.

Imwe ndeye microbial fermentation. Iyi nzira ine mamwe matambudziko akadai sekushomeka kwechigadzirwa uye goho risina kugadzikana.

Imwe ndeye organic chemical synthesis. Kune mamwe matambudziko mune iyi nzira, sekuti chigadzirwa chakaoma kupatsanurwa kubva kushrinkage musanganiswa, haakodzeri kushandiswa kwemushonga, yakaderera reaction yekutendeuka mwero, yakawanda ne-zvigadzirwa, mutengo wakakwira uye yakakomba kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Kune zvakare enzymatic synthesis nzira, sekushandiswa kwedoro mbiriso madhaka uye mamwe ma microorganisms e biosynthesis. Masero edhaka emahara ekubika doro akashandiswa kuita enzymatic synthesis. Nzira yacho yakanga iri nyore, chiyero chekushandura chakanga chakakwirira uye mari yakaderera. Iyo nzira yekugadzira ye citicoline sodium yakagadzirwa ne enzymatic synthesis inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: enzymatic synthesis process uye kudhirowa uye yekuchenesa maitiro.

Kutorwa nemuromo, inokurumidza kutorwa, hydrolyzed muura uye chiropa kune choline uye cytosine, iyo inopinda muropa, inoyambuka ropa-brain chipingamupinyi, uye inobatanidza zvakare mu citicoline mukati mepakati tsinga system, uko 80% ye phospholipid synthesis inobatwa ne citicoline concentration mumuviri.

Mukuwedzera, citicoline inoshandurwa kuita acetylcholine mukati menheyo system uye oxidized kuva betaine muitsvo uye chiropa. Kunyungudika kwemvura ye citicoline yakanaka, iyo bioavailability yakakwira se90%, uye isingasviki 1% chete inoburitswa muchituru mushure mekutonga nemuromo. Kune 2 peaks yekunyura muplasma, 1 awa uye 24 maawa mushure mekudya.

Mumhando yemakonzo, mazinga eradiolabelled citicoline akawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma muuropi maawa gumi mushure mekudya uye akagoverwa zvakanyanya muchena uye grey nyaya yehuropi. Kuwanda kwepamusoro kunoramba kuripo pamaawa makumi mana nemasere, uye kubviswa kwayo kunonoka, ine zvishoma chete zvishoma zuva nezuva kuburikidza neweti, tsvina, uye kufema. Exogenous kupinza kwe citicoline kunogona kukurudzira kukurumidza kugadziriswa kweakakuvadzwa maseru membranes uye mitochondria, kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwesero uye kuita kwebiological kuita, uye kurambidza apoptosis uye kufa.