Mumakore achangopfuura, kutsanya kwave kuri kudiwa kutsva kwenharaunda yesainzi, kutsanya kwakaratidzwa kuderedza uremu uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemhuka, kutaura zvazviri, nhamba iri kukura yezvidzidzo inoratidza kuti kutsanya kune hutano hwakawanda hunobatsira, kuvandudza hutano hwemetabolism, kudzivirira kana kunonoka zvirwere zvinouya nekuchembera, uye kunyange kunonoka kukura kwemamota.
Kutsanya kwepakati, senge caloric restriction, kwakaratidzwa kuwedzera hupenyu uye hupenyu hune hutano hwemhuka dzemhando dzakadai sembiriso, nematodes, nhunzi dzemichero, uye mbeva. Muvanhu, kutsanya kwepakati uye kwenguva refu, pamwe nekuramba kurambidzwa kwekoriori, kune mhedzisiro yakanaka kune akawanda ane hukama-ane hutano paramita angave ane akajairika mechanistic hwaro, uye kune humbowo hwakasimba hwekuti autophagy inopindirana nemhedzisiro iyi.

Pamusoro pezvo, spermidine (SPD) yakave yakabatana zvakafanana nekuwedzerwa autophagy, anti-kuchembera, uye kuderedzwa kwezviitiko zvemoyo uye neurodegenerative zvirwere mumarudzi ese.

Musi waNyamavhuvhu 8, 2024, Vatsvagiri kubva kuYunivhesiti yeGraz kuAustria, iyo Sorbonne muParis neYunivhesiti yeCrete kuGreece yakaburitsa bepa rine musoro unoti "Spermidine yakakosha pakutsanya yakagadziriswa autophagy" mujenari Nature Cell Biology uye hupenyu hurefu "bepa reongororo.

Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti spermidine inofanirwa kukurumidza-mediated autophagy uye hupenyu hurefu, uye kuti kuvandudzwa kwehupenyu uye hutano hurefu nekutsanya mumarudzi akawanda kunoenderana zvishoma nespermidine-inotsamira eIF5A-hypusination modification uye inotevera induction ye autophagy.

Mumhuka dzinoyamwisa, kuderedzwa kwezera mu autophagy flux inosimudzira kuunganidzwa kweprotein aggregates uye dysfunctional organelles, pamwe nekutadza kwepathogen clearance uye kuwedzera kuzvimba.

Inhibition ye autophagy pa genetic level yakamhanyisa kuchembera mumakonzo. Kurasikirwa kwekushanda kwekuchinja kwemajini anotonga kana kuita autophagy kwave kwakabatana nechirwere chemoyo, chirwere chinotapukira, neurodegenerative chirwere, uye metabolic, musculoskeletal, ziso, uye zvirwere zvemapapu, mazhinji ayo akafanana nekuchembera nguva isati yakwana. Kusiyana neizvi, autophagy stimulation pa genetic level inokurudzira hupenyu hurefu uye hutano hurefu mumhuka dzemuenzaniso, kusanganisira nhunzi dzemichero nemakonzo.

Pamusoro pekupindira kwehutano, kushandiswa kwechisikigo polyamine spermidine pamhuka dzemhando dzakadai sembiriso, nematodes, nhunzi dzemichero, uye mbeva ndeimwe nzira yekuwedzera hupenyu hunoenderana ne autophagy. Mukuwedzera, spermidine inogona kudzorera autophagy flux mukutenderera lymphocytes kune vakwegura, iyo inopindirana nekucherechedza kuti kuwedzera kwekudya kwe spermidine uptake kunobatanidza nekuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwekufa kwevanhu.

Spermidine imhando yepoliamine yechisikigo inowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvisikwa. Mumakore achangopfuura, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaratidza kuti spermidine ine mashiripiti uye ine simba rekurwisa kukwegura.

Saka, kutsanya, caloric restriction, uye spermidine inowedzera hupenyu hwemhuka dzemuenzaniso uye shandisa phylogenetically kuchengetedzwa, autophagy inoenderana nekudzivirira maitiro mukukwegura. Muchidzidzo chezvino, timu yekutsvagisa yakawedzera kuongorora kana mhedzisiro yekudzivirira yekutsanya kwepakati inoenderana kana zvinoenderana nespermidine.

Chidzidzo chacho chakawana kuti mazinga espermidine akawedzera mumbiriso, nhunzi dzemichero, mbeva uye vanhu pasi pekutsanya kwakasiyana kana caloric restriction regimens. Majini kana zvinodhaka zvinovhara endogenous spermidine synthesis inoderedza kukurumidza-induced autophagy mune mbiriso, nematodes, uye masero emunhu.

Mukuwedzera, kuvhiringidza nzira ye polyamine mumuviri inogona kubvisa migumisiro yenguva refu yekutsanya pahupenyu hurefu uye hupenyu hune hutano, pamwe chete nemigumisiro yekudzivirira yekutsanya pamwoyo uye anti-arthritis migumisiro.

Mechanically, spermidine inopindirana nemigumisiro iyi nekuita autophagy uye hypusination ye eukaryotic shanduro yekutanga chinhu eIF5A. Iyo polyamine-Hypusnation axis ndeye phylogenetically yakachengetedzwa metabolic regulatory hub mukukurumidza-mediated autophagy kukwidziridzwa uye kuwedzera hupenyu.

Kakawanda, chidzidzo chacho chinoratidza kuti kuvandudzwa kwekutsanya kwehupenyu hurefu uye hupenyu hurefu hwehupenyu mumarudzi akawanda hunotsamira zvishoma pane spermidine-inotsamira eIF5A-hypusnation modification uye inotevera induction ye autophagy.