Amino acids, peptides, mapuroteni uye ma enzymes ese mabiomolecules anoita mabasa akasiyana mumabasa ehupenyu, asi zvakare ane hukama hwepedyo uye anodyidzana. Amino acids Amino acids ndiwo mayuniti ekutanga emapuroteni uye akakoshawo mamorekuru eorganic muhurongwa hwehupenyu. Inoumbwa neboka reamino (NH2), boka recarboxyl (COOH), uye boka reR. Chimiro che peptide cheni umo maamino acids akabatana kune mumwe nemumwe ne peptide zvisungo. Muketani yepeptide, boka recarboxyl reimwe amino acid rakabatana neboka reamino reimwe amino acid kuburikidza nekabhoni-oxygen bond. Migumo miviri yepeptide cheni inonzi n-terminal uye C-terminal. Kana kureba kweketani yepeptide ikadarika zana amino acids, cheni yepolypeptide inoumbwa. Polypeptide inoreva peptide cheni inoumbwa ne2-100 amino acids, mahormone, enzymes, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, nezvimwewo, mapolypeptides, ayo anowanzo kuve nyore kugadzira uye kugadzirisa pane mapuroteni. Mapuroteni iketani dzepeptide dzinosanganisira anopfuura zana amino acids uye ane huremu hwemamorekuru. Mumasero, mapuroteni anogona kushandiswa sezvikamu zvekuumbwa. Mukuwedzera, ma enzymes, mahomoni, photosynthetic pigments, nezvimwewo, zvinogadzirwa nemapuroteni. Enzymes Maenzymes zvinhu zvinokonzeresa zvinomhanyisa kuita kwemakemikari. Iwo mamorekuru akasarudzika akagadzirwa nebiomolecules senge mapuroteni kana RNA uye anowanzo ane chaiwo chaiwo substrate chaiyo.

Basa remaamino acids, peptides, mapuroteni uye maenzayimu muzvirimwa 1. Amino acids: Amino acids inogona kushandiswa sechitubu chekudya kune zvirimwa kuti zvivandudze kukura nekukura kwayo. Mushure mekutora amino acids, zvidyarwa zvinogona kukurumidza kuumba mapuroteni, nucleic acids uye mamwe mabiomolecules, ayo anosimudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero rekudyara uye kukura kwetishu. Uye zvakare, amino acids mukusanaya kwezvirimwa, munyu, tembiricha yakaderera uye zvimwe zvinonetsa zvinogona kuvandudza kusimba kwechirimwa, kukurudzira kukura kwechirimwa. 2. Polypeptides: Polypeptides chikamu chinokosha chekukura kwemiti. Peptides inogona kukanganisa intracellular sign transduction uye kukura nekusimudzira nekusunga kune membrane receptors. Semuenzaniso, polypeptide auxin uye polypeptide mahomoni anoita basa rakakosha mukukura kwezvirimwa uye kukura uye anogona kukurudzira kukura kwechirimwa uye kukura kwemidzi. Peptides inogona zvakare kuita basa rakakosha mukudzivirira immune system, sekukwanisa kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira muzvirimwa uye kuwedzera kudzivirira kwezvirimwa kuzvirwere uye zvipembenene.

3. Mapuroteni: Mapuroteni ane zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa mumunda wekurima kwekurima. Mukurima zvirimwa, mapuroteni anogona kushandiswa sechikamu chefetereza kuti chirimwa chitore uye chinokurudzira kukura kwechirimwa. Uye zvakare, mamwe maprotein mahomoni uye auxin anoitawo basa rakakosha mukudzora kukura kwechirimwa uye kukura. Mapuroteni anoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mubiopesticide uye kuramba kubereka. 4. MaEnzymes: Maenzyme akakosha zvakare mundima yekurima. Semuenzaniso, mamwe ma enzymes anogona kuvandudza kubereka kwevhu uye kushandiswa kwemvura, izvo zvinobatsira kukura kwezvirimwa uye kukura. Kune zvakare ma enzymes anogona kushandiswa kudzivirira chirimwa uye kutonga kwezvipembenene nezvirwere, senge hydrolases iyo inoderedza kushorwa kwechirimwa masero madziro, zvichiita kuti zvisaite kuti tupukanana uye zvipembenene zvinokuvadza zvirarame.