D-mannose neL-mannose maenantiomers anoonesana, uye musiyano wazvo wakakosha uri mukumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana, zvichiita kuti pave nezviitiko zvakasiyana siyana zvebhayoloji nemabasa. Aya anotevera ndiwo makuru ekusiyanisa mapoinzi:

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1. Misiyano yakakosha muchimiro chemakemikari

Zvakajairika:

Iyo molecular formula ndeye C ? H ?? O ?, inova C-2 isomer yeglucose (kureva iyo hydroxyl (- OH) nzira pane yechipiri kabhoni yakatarisana neglucose).

Misiyano Yakakosha:

Iyo D/L yekunyora nzira yakavakirwa paiyo glyceraldehyde reference system:

D-Mannose: Iyo hydroxyl (- OH) kutungamira kweiyo yepamusoro nhamba chiral kabhoni (C5) mumorekuru inopindirana neD-glyceraldehyde (iri kudivi rekurudyi muFischer fungidziro).

L-mannose: Iyo hydroxyl inotungamira yeC5 inopindirana neyeL-glyceraldehyde (iri kuruboshwe muFischer projection).

Iwo maviri magirazi mifananidzo yeumwe neumwe uye haagone kupindirana. ,

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Fischer projection equation: kuenzanisa kwemaitiro pakati peD-mannose (kuruboshwe) neL-mannose (kurudyi)

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2. Biological chiitiko uye metabolic misiyano

Hunhu D-mannose L-mannose

Kuvepo Kwemusikirwo ? Kunowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvisikwa (mumichero, zvirimwa, glycoproteins) ? Kusavapo kwechisikigo (mulaboratory synthesis)

Biological chiitiko ? Iine yakakosha biological chiitiko ?? Hapana inozivikanwa biological chiitiko (haigone kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa nemuviri wemunhu)

Nzira yemagetsi inogona kuva phosphorylated nemannose kinase (MK) uye haigoni kuonekwa nevanhu vanoita metabolic enzymes (ma enzymes ane chiral specificity)

Physiological mabasa anosanganisira glycoprotein synthesis, kudzivirira UTI, CDG kurapwa, nezvimwe

Zvinenge zvisingaite pashuga yeropa (nekuda kwekusabatwa / kugadzirwa)

Sei D-type iri iyo yega biologically inoshanda fomu? ,

Enzymes uye vatakuri mune zvipenyu vane yakasimba chiral chaiyo (stereoselectivity):

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Metabolic enzyme kuzivikanwa:

Iyo mannose kinase (MK) muropa remunhu inongoziva uye phosphorylates D-mannose uye haigone kuita pane L-isomer.

Transporter chaiyo:

Intestinal glucose vatakuri (senge GLUT5) vanonyanya kutakura D-mannose (kunyangwe nekushomeka kwakanaka), nepo L-mannose haigone kubatwa zvinobudirira.

Receptor inosunga:

Zvinangwa zvakaita semannose receptor (MRC1) uye mabhakitiriya eFimH adhesins anonyatso sunga kuD-mannose kana zvinobva zvayo (zvakadai seD-mannoside).

4. Zvinogona kushandiswa kweL-mannose

Kunyangwe ichishaya biological chiitiko, L-mannose ine chaiyo kukosha mukutsvaga kwesainzi uye indasitiri

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Biochemical research:

Sechinhu chinorehwa cheD-mannose, chinoshandiswa kudzidza chiral recognition mechanism yemaenzymes.

Chemical synthesis yepakati:

Inoshandiswa kugadzira shuga isingawanzo kana chiral drug molecules.

Inhibition design:

Inogona kushanda seanokwikwidza inhibitor kune chaiwo enzymes (inoda kusimbiswa kwakanangwa).

Special materials:

Inoshandiswa kugadzirira chiral polymers kana nanomaterials (senge chiral sensors).

Pfupiso Yakakosha

Kuenzanisa dimension D-mannose L-mannose

Iyo kemikari essence yekurudyi-ruoko isomers iripo mune zvakasikwa, yakagadziriswa yeruboshwe-ruboshwe isomers.

Biological metabolism ? Inogona kugadziriswa nema enzymes evanhu ? Haikwanise kuzivikanwa nema enzymes evanhu.

Physiological basa glycosylation, anti hutachiona, kurapwa kwezvirwere zvisingawanzo hapana

Mushonga wakaiswa kukosha (UTI kudzivirira, CDG kurapwa), chikafu chekuwedzera chekutsvaga reagents, makemikari synthesis intermediates

Mushonga wepamusoro unogona kukonzera manyoka (asi zvakachengeteka), isiri-chepfu asi isiri bioavailable

Kuyeuka kuri nyore:

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D-mhando = "biologically active type": iripo mumasikirwo, inogona kugadzirwa, uye ine inoshanda maapplication.

L-mhando = "mirror control type": yakagadzirwa nemaoko, isina biological function, inongoshandiswa pakutsvakurudza kwesainzi kana kemikari engineering.

Izwi rokuti 'mannose' rinotaurwa munyaya dzemishonga uye kudya kunovaka muviri rinoreva D-mannose. L-mannose haina kukosha kwekushandisa kwekiriniki, asi sechishandiso chemakemikari, ine kumwe kutsvagisa kwesainzi.