Riboflavin 5 Phosphate Sodium e boetse e bitsoa vithamine B2, e qhibilihang hanyane ka metsing, ho futhumatsa ka tharollo e sa nke lehlakore kapa ea asiti e tsitsitse. Bakeng sa li-enzyme tse mosehla 'meleng oa karolo ea prosthetic (li-enzyme tse mosehla li phetha karolo ea hydrogen phokotsong ea oxidation ea likokoana-hloko), ha ho haella, ho tla ama' mele oa likokoana-hloko, 'me ho etsa hore ho se ke ha e-ba le bothata ba metabolism. Maqeba a eona a t?oauoa ka ho ruruha ha molomo, leihlo le sebaka sa botona kapa bot?ehali, joalo ka khaello, cheilitis, glossitis, conjunctivitis le scrotal phlogistic, joalo-joalo, kahoo sehlahisoa se ka sebelisoa ho thibela le ho laola lefu lena. Poloko ea vithamine B2 e fokotsehile haholo, kahoo letsatsi le leng le le leng le fanoa ke lijo.

Vithamine B13 (Orotic acid) ke moriana oa phepo, o tsejoang hape e le vithamine B13. E le livithamine tse ncha, tse sebelisoang haholo-holo Japane, li-vithamine tse sa laetsoeng li lumellana le metsoako e omileng le lisebelisoa tsa seno tse khathollang tse sebelisoang; Europe Bophirimela ha se feela metsoako ea meriana ea livithamine, empa hape e sebelisoa haholo ka litlolo, e le phepo e nepahetseng ea litlolo matrix, e ka ba ho monya hantle ha lisele tsa letlalo, ho khothalletsa metabolism ea lisele tsa motho, e ka thibela botsofali ba letlalo United States ho etsa lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng ka whey acid, ho sebelisoa ka mokhoa o batlang o le ho feta lefapheng la meriana, saense ea bophelo, lijo, bophelo bo botle. Acid whey lipatlisiso tsa rona le nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea boseeng ba eona, asiti ea hona joale ea orotic e fetohile lipatlisiso tse chesang tsa lihlahisoa tsa meriana le tsa baeloji, ts'ebeliso ea eona e kholo ke lefapheng la bongaka.

Magnesium L-Threonate, k'hemik'hale e nang le patente e entsoeng ke bo-rasaense ba Massachusetts Institute of Technology ka 2010, e bont?itsoe ho ntlafatsa mohopolo oa ho sebetsa, mohopolo oa nako e khut?oanyane le oa nako e telele le bokhoni ba ho ithuta ka lithuto tsa liphoofolo.

Ke mofuta oa sirapo e t?oeu kapa e bobebe e mosehla kapa sehlahisoa sa phofo. Ke fiber e qhibilihang ea tlhaho ea tlhaho, e tsoang ho starch. E qhibiliha habonolo ka metsing bakeng sa tharollo e bonaletsang ka monate o bobebe, o bonolo
ho sebetsa. E ka sebelisoa mefuteng e mengata ea lijo tse kang li-protien bar, lijo-thollo, lino le lihlahisoa tsa phepo.

Uridine, nale e t?oeu e bōpehileng joaloka kristale kapa phofo. Ha e na monko, e monate hanyenyane ebile e na le linoko hanyenyane ka tatso. Mofuta oa nucleoside. E qhibiliha ka metsing, e qhibiliha hanyane ka har'a tai e hlapollang, ha e qhibilihe ka har'a ethanol e anhydrous. Sehlahisoa sena se ka sebelisoa bakeng sa phokolo ea mali e kholo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, hape se ka kopanngoa le li-nucleosides tse ling le metheo ea ho alafa mafu a kang sebete, cerebrovascular le mafu a pelo.

L-Hydroxyproline ke ntho e sa hlokahaleng e nkiloeng ea amino acid e entsoeng nakong ea phetoho ea liprotheine ka morao ho phetolelo ka hydroxylation ea amino acid proline ka enzyme prolyl hydroxylase e hlokang vithamine C e le co-factor. Hydroxyproline ke karolo e kholo ea protheine collagen 'me e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho tsitsisa ha collagen triple helix. E ka sebelisoa e le sesupo ho fumana palo ea collagen. Maemo a eketsehileng a hydroxyproline ka har'a moroto le/kapa serum hangata a amahanngoa le ho senyeha ha lisele tse hokelang. Khaello ea vithamine C e fokotsa phetoho ea proline ho hydroxyproline, e lebisang ho fokotseng botsitso ba collagen.L-Ornithine ke amino acid e bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa potolohong ea urea. E phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho tsoa ha ammonia nitrogen 'meleng. E na le mabitso le mefuta e fapaneng joalo ka L-ornithine le aspartate ornithine (OA).