Ha palo ea baahi ba lefat?e e ntse e hōla, mafu a sa foleng a amanang le botsofali a kang lefu la tsoekere, khatello e phahameng ea mali le botenya a ntse a eketseha, ’me mafu ana a metabolism a beha moroalo o boima ho batho ba hōlileng ’me a eketsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo le methapo. Pelo e boetse e fetoha hampe le botsofali, e qetellang e lebisa ho mefuta e mengata ea mafu a pelo le methapo ea pelo.

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Lefu la pelo (CVD) ke t?okelo e tebileng ho bophelo ba motho le bophelo bo botle ba mafu a tloaelehileng, a tloaelehileng ho batho ba fetang lilemo tse 50, ba nang le maemo a phahameng, tekanyo e phahameng ea bokooa le lit?obotsi tse phahameng tsa ho shoa. CVD e amahanngoa le myocardial fibrosis, ho fokotseha ha autophagy, khatello e eketsehileng ea mitochondrial oxidative le ho se leka-lekane ha metabolism. Ka hona, phekolo ea sesosa sa pele sa CVD e ntse e le bothata bo potlakileng ho saense ea kajeno le tlhokomelo ea meriana.

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Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, liphuputso tse ngata li totobalitse t?ebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho bakeng sa thibelo le phekolo ea CVD. Lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho ke sehlopha se seholo sa lik'hemik'hale tse nang le mefuta e mengata ea mesebetsi ea likokoana-hloko, tse fumanoang haholo-holo limela tse jeoang le tsa meriana. Liphuputso li bont?itse hore mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea phekolo ea lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho ho CVD e kenyelletsa: ho susumetsa autophagy, ho lieha ho tsosolosoa ha ventricular, ho fokotsa khatello ea oxidative le karabelo ea ho ruruha, ho thibela apoptosis, le ho sireletsa mesifa ea pelo khahlanong le kotsi ea ischemia kapa ischemia / reperfusion (I / R).

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Lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho le mekhoa ea tsona ea ts'ebetso

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Autophagy e ntlafalitsoeng

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Li-cardiomyocyte tsa botsofali li it?etleha ka autophagy, tsela ea lysosomal mediated degradation, ho tlosa liprotheine tse ka bang chefo le li-organelle tse senyehileng. Ho lahleheloa ke autophagy ho ka lebisa ho fokotseha ha mosebetsi oa pelo. Sepheo sa mammalian sa rapamycin (mTOR), serine/threonine protein kinase, ke molaoli oa bohlokoa oa homeostasis ea phepo e nepahetseng ho liphoofolo tse anyesang. Ts'ebetso ea mTOR e thibela ho it?ehla thajana, ha AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) e sebetsa e le taolo e ntle ea autophagy, haholo-holo ka ho thibela mTOR e rarahaneng.

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Resveratrol ke polyphenol ea tlhaho e fumanehang lijong tse ngata tsa limela, joalo ka matokomane, cranberries, blueberries le morara. E na le mefuta e fapaneng ea melemo ea bophelo bo botle, ho kenyelletsa anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-aging le cardio-protective liphello tse kang ho ntlafatsa autophagy. Liphuputso li bont?itse hore resveratrol e ka khothalletsa autophagy ka ho kenya AMPK ka litsela tse sa t?oaneng. Ntle le moo, resveratrol e ka etsa hore lisele li phele ka ho kenya t?ebetsong tsela ea pholoho ea mTOR complex 2(mTORC2).

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Berberine e nt?itsoe metso, rhizome le makhapetla a limela tse ngata tsa meriana 'me e na le mefuta e fapaneng ea liphello tsa meriana, ho akarelletsa le anti-inflammatory, antioxidant le autophagy regulation. Joalo ka activator ea AMPK, berberine e ka etsa hore autophagy e sebetse ka ho kenya AMPK hape e ka ntlafatsa autophagy ka ho thibela mTOR.

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Curcumin ke linoko tse tsoang lelapeng la ginger mme hangata li sebelisoa ka li-curries. Curcumin e ka susumetsa autophagy ka ho thibela tsela ea pont?o ea PI3K-AKT-mTOR, ho theola maemo a phosphorylation ea AKT le mTOR, ho laola LC3-II, ho ntlafatsa polelo ea BECN1, ho fokotsa t?ebelisano pakeng tsa BECN1 le BCL-2, le ho ntlafatsa FoxO a1.

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E thibela khatello ea oxidative le ho ruruha ho sa foleng

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Khatello ea oxidative le ho ruruha ho sa foleng ke liphetoho tse kholo tsa limolek'hule tse etsahalang pathophysiology ea CVD. Ho ruruha ho sebetsa ka linako tsohle ho batho ba tsofetseng mme ke kotsi ea CVD. Taolo ea pele ea ho ruruha e ka thibela kapa ea lieha ho hlaha le tsoelo-pele ea CVD.

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Sesamin ke lignin e ngata ka ho fetisisa e qhibilihang ka oli ka har'a peo ea sesame le oli 'me e na le mesebetsi e fapaneng ea meriana, ho kenyeletsoa mesebetsi ea antioxidant le anti-inflammatory. Sesamine e ka laola polelo ea PPARγ, LXRα le ABCG1, ea susumetsa k'holeseterole ho tsoa ka har'a macrophages, 'me ka katleho e thibela ho bokellana ha k'holeseterole e bakoang ke LDL e nang le oxidized, kahoo e thibela ho thehoa ha lisele tsa foam ho macrophages.

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Lycopene ke acyclic carotenoid e hlahang ka tlhaho e fumanoang ho li-chloroplasts le li-chromosome tsa limela, hammoho le cytoplasm ea li-eukaryote tse itseng tse kang eubacteria le algae. Bopaki ba Epidemiological bo fana ka maikutlo a hore khatello ea serum lycopene e amahanngoa le kotsi ea CVD. Lycopene e fokotsa mefuta ea oksijene e sebetsang (ROS), e fokotsa secretion ea macrophage ea pro-inflammatory cytokines le metalloproteinase, e thibela ho ata ha lisele tsa mesifa e boreleli, le ho fokotsa monocyte. Lycopene e ka thibela likarabo tsa ho ruruha ka ho thibela ts'ebetso ea NF-κB, hape e ka ama metabolism ea heterobiotic ka ho kenya Nrf2 / ARE tsela ea transcriptional.

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Ginger ke semela sa monocotyledonous sa mofuta oa Zingiberaceae. Ginger e na le thepa e khethehileng e hlakisang ROS, ho akarelletsa le peroxides. Lintho tsohle tse sebetsang ka har'a ginger, joalo ka curcumin, gingerol, le gingerone, li bonts'itse t?ebetso ea antioxidant. [6] - Gingerol e ka eketsa ts'ebetso ea superoxide dismutase (SOD) ka ho kenya t?ebetsong tsela ea pont?o ea PI3K/AKT le ho fokotsa tlhahiso ea ROS le sebopeho sa malondialdehyde ho cardiomyocyte ea neonatal rat. Ho phaella moo, li-extracts tsa ginger tse ruileng ka 6-curcumin li ka ba le liphello tsa antioxidant ka ho kenya Nrf2. Ka ho hlakileng, liphello tsa ts'ireletso ea methapo ea ginger li kopanngoa ka mekhoa e sa t?oaneng, ho kenyelletsa le ho fokotsa khatello ea oxidative le ho ruruha, ho eketsa nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, ho thibela ho ata ha vascular smooth muscle cell, le ho khothalletsa autophagy.

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Ho thibela ho tsosolosoa ha myocardial

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Liphetoho tsa meralo tse etsahalang nakong ea botsofali ba pelo, ho kenyelletsa le phetoho e tsoelang pele ea methapo ea pelo, li tsejoa esale pele ka CVD. Ts'ebetso ea ho lokisoa ha myocardial e khetholloa ke liphetoho tsa 'mele le limolek'hule tse lebisang ho cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, le ho ruruha ha myocardium, e qetellang e lebisa ho eketseha ho thata ha ventricular, ho se sebetse ha pelo,' me qetellong ho hloleha ha pelo. Angiotensin II e khothalletsa cardiomyocyte hypertrophy le ho susumetsa ho ata ha fibroblast le ho hlahisa protheine ea extracellular matrix. AMPK e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea CVD, 'me khaello ea AMPK e mpefatsa hypertrophy ea pelo' me e etsa hore pelo e hlaseloe habonolo ke pelo.

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Cytokine transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho hoheleng li-fibroblasts tsa pelo hore li khetholle ho cardiac fibroblasts. FoxO1 ke ntho e ngotsoeng e amehang ho apoptosis, khatello ea oxidative le phapang ea lisele. TGF-β1 e susumetsa FoxO1 polelo, 'me ka fibroblasts ea pelo, TGF-β1 e fokotsa phosphorylation ea FoxO1, e eketsa FoxO1 sebaka sa nyutlelie, e eketsa litekanyetso tsa protheine ea FoxO1,' me e khothalletsa phapang ea fibroblasts ea pelo ho fibroblasts ea pelo.

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Baicalin ke motsoako oa tlhaho o nt?itsoeng metsong e omisitsoeng ea scutellaria baikalensis. Baicalin e thibela khatello ea maikutlo e bakoang ke khatello e feteletseng ea cardiac fibrosis ka ho fetola litsela tsa lipont?o tsa AMPK/TGF-β/Smads. Liphello tse ntle tsa baicalin li kenyelletsa taolo ea cardiac fibrosis in vivo le in vitro ka ho kenya t?ebetsong tsela ea pont?o ea AMPK/TGF-β/Smads. Baicalin e boetse e thibela Smad3 le phetisetso ea nyutlelie ea Smad3 ka transcript co-activator p300, ka hona e thibela nts'etsopele ea angiotensin II-mediated cardiac fibrosis.

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Epicatechin ke polyphenol e ka sehloohong ea bioactive ka tee e tala 'me ke antioxidant e matla. Epicatechin e fokotsa angiotensin II le khatello ea maikutlo e amanang le khatello ea maikutlo e feteletseng. Epicatechin e thibela polelo ea angiotensin II-induced c-Fos le c-Jun proteins, kahoo e thibela t?ebetso ea AP-1. Ho phaella moo, epicatechin e ka thibela ts'ebetso ea NF-κB ka ho thibela litsela tsa P38 tse it?etlehileng ka ROS le JNK, 'me ho thibela ts'ebetso ea AP-1 ke phello ea epicatechin e thibelang tsoelo-pele ea hypertrophy ea pelo ka ho thibela EGFR transactivation le liketsahalo tsa eona tse theohelang tlase ERK/PI3mTORApK / PI3mTORAp atrial natriuretic peptide le B-mofuta oa sodium Reactivation ea li-peptide tsa urinary le ho thibela tsoelo-pele ea hypertrophy ea pelo. Epicatechin e boetse e thibela tlhahiso ea ROS e entsoeng ke angiotensin II le polelo ea NADPH oxidase, kahoo e thibela hypertrophy ea pelo le ho lokisoa ha pelo.

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Tlhahlobo ena e qaqisa bokhoni ba lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho bakeng sa thibelo le kalafo ea lefu la pelo le methapo. Ha palo ea baahi ba lefat?e e ntse e tsofala, maloetse a amanang le botsofali a amanang le botsofali a fetoha bothata bo tebileng ba bophelo bo botle ba sechaba. Lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho li sebelisoa haholo ho thibela le ho phekola maloetse a fapa-fapaneng ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea bona ea bohlokoa le polokeho e phahameng.

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Liphuputso li bont?itse hore lihlahisoa tse fapa-fapaneng tsa tlhaho tse kang resveratrol, berberine, curcumin, lycopene, ginger, baicalein, epicatechin, ellagic acid, honokiol, poria, tanshinone IIA le marigonin E na le mekhoa e mengata ea ts'ebetso ea ho ntlafatsa autophagy, ho thibela oxidative ho thibela khatello ea kelello le ho ruruha ho sa foleng. apoptosis, le ho thibela kotsi ea ischemia/reperfusion. Lihlahisoa tsena tsa tlhaho li phetha karolo ea ho sireletsa pelo ka ho laola litsela tse sa t?oaneng tsa lipont?o, tse kang mTOR, AMPK, NF-κB, Nrf2, joalo-joalo.

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Ho phaella moo, mekhoa e metle ea ho ja, e kang ho eketsa ho ja litholoana le meroho, t?ebeliso e itekanetseng ea tee e tala, joalo-joalo, e ka thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo. Lithuto tse ngata tsa epidemiological le liteko tsa bongaka li t?ehetsa pono ena. Haholo-holo, metsoako ea tlhaho e kang li-catechin ka tee e tala, lycopene ka tamati, le gingerol ka ginger li bont?itse liphello tse kholo tsa ts'ireletso ea pelo.

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Leha ho le joalo, leha lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho li na le ts'episo e kholo t?imong ea thibelo le taolo ea lefu la pelo le methapo, ho ntse ho na le mathata le mefokolo. Mohlala, bioavailability ea lihlahisoa tse ling tsa tlhaho e tlase, mokhoa oa ts'ebetso ha o utloisisoe ka botlalo, 'me katleho ea tleliniki e hloka ho netefatsoa hape. Ho feta moo, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le likamano pakeng tsa lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa tlhaho,' me ho ntlafatsa litekanyetso le nako ea phekolo ho boetse ho hloka lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng.