Li-amino acid, li-peptide, liprotheine le li-enzyme kaofela ke li-biomolecules tse bapalang likarolo tse fapaneng mesebetsing ea bophelo, empa hape li amana haufi-ufi ebile lia sebelisana. Li-amino acid Li-amino acid ke likarolo tsa mantlha tsa liprotheine hape ke limolek'hule tsa bohlokoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa bophelo. E na le sehlopha sa amino (NH2), sehlopha sa carboxyl (COOH), le sehlopha sa R. Sebopeho sa ketane ea peptide moo li-amino acid li hokahantsoeng ho tse ling ka litlamo tsa peptide. Ka ketane ea peptide, sehlopha sa carboxyl sa amino acid e le 'ngoe se hokahane le sehlopha sa amino sa amino acid e' ngoe ka tlamo ea eona ea carbon-oxygen. Lipheletso tse peli tsa ketane ea peptide li bitsoa n-terminal le C-terminal. Ha bolelele ba ketane ea peptide bo feta 100 amino acid, ho thehoa ketane ea polypeptide. Polypeptide e bua ka ketane ea peptide e entsoeng ka 2-100 amino acid, lihomone, li-enzyme, lithibela-mafu, joalo-joalo, ke polypeptides, eo hangata ho leng bonolo ho e kopanya le ho e fetola ho feta liprotheine. Liprotheine ke liketane tsa peptide tse nang le li-amino acid tse fetang 100 mme li na le boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule. Liseleng, liprotheine li ka sebelisoa e le likarolo tsa sebopeho. Ho feta moo, li-enzyme, lihomone, li-pigment tsa photosynthetic, joalo-joalo, le tsona li entsoe ka liprotheine. Li-Enzyme Li-enzyme ke li-catalyst tse potlakisang t?ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale. Ke limolek'hule tse khethehileng tse entsoeng ka li-biomolecules tse kang liprotheine kapa RNA 'me hangata li na le likarolo tse khethehileng tsa substrate.

Karolo ea li-amino acid, li-peptide, liprotheine le li-enzyme limeleng 1. Li-amino acid: Li-amino acid li ka sebelisoa e le mohloli oa limatlafatsi bakeng sa limela ho ntlafatsa kholo le tsoelo-pele ea tsona. Ka mor'a ho monya li-amino acid, limela li ka etsa liprotheine ka potlako, li-nucleic acid le li-biomolecule tse ling, tse khothalletsang ho arohana ha lisele tsa limela le ho hōla ha lisele. Ho phaella moo, li-amino acid ka komello ea limela, letsoai, mocheso o tlaase le likhatello tse ling li ka ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa limela, ho khothalletsa kholo ea limela. 2. Li-polypeptides: Li-polypeptides ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea balaoli ba kholo ea limela. Li-peptide li ka ama phetisetso ea lets'oao la intracellular le kholo le nts'etsopele ka ho tlama li-membrane receptors. Mohlala, lihomone tsa polypeptide auxin le polypeptide li na le karolo ea bohlokoa kholong ea semela le nts'etsopele mme li ka khothaletsa kholo ea semela le kholo ea metso. Li-peptide li ka boela tsa bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho sireletsa 'mele oa limela, joalo ka ho khona ho susumetsa tlhahiso ea lintho tse thibelang likokoana-hloko limela le ho matlafatsa ho hanyetsa ha limela ho mafu le likokoanyana.

3. Protheine: Protheine e na le ts'ebeliso e mengata t?imong ea temo ea temo. Nakong ea temo ea limela, protheine e ka sebelisoa e le motsoako oa manyolo bakeng sa semela ho monya le ho khothaletsa kholo ea semela. Ho feta moo, lihomone tse ling tsa protheine le auxin le tsona li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho laola kholo le nts'etsopele ea semela. Liprotheine li boetse li sebelisoa haholo ho biopesticide le ho ikatisa. 4. Li-Enzymes: Li-Enzyme le tsona li bohlokoa haholo t?imong ea temo. Ka mohlala, li-enzyme tse ling li ka ntlafatsa ho nona ha mobu le t?ebeliso ea metsi, e leng se thusang ho hōla le ho hōla ha limela. Ho boetse ho na le li-enzyme tse ka sebelisoang bakeng sa t?ireletso ea limela le taolo ea likokoanyana le mafu a lijalo, joalo ka li-hydrolases tse fokotsang khanyetso ea marako a lisele tsa semela, e leng se etsang hore ho se khonehe hore likokoana-hloko le likokoanyana tse kotsi li phele.