Ngokwendalo, i-mannose ikhona kwindawo ekhululekile kwezinye iziqhamo, ezifana ne-cranberries, ii-apula, ii-oranges, njl. Emzimbeni womntu, i-mannose isasazwa kuzo zonke izicubu kunye negazi, kubandakanywa ulusu, izitho kunye nemithambo-luvo. Kwezi zicubu, i-mannose ibandakanyeka kwi-synthesis ye-glycoprotein elawula umsebenzi we-autoimmune system. Izifundo zeklinikhi zangaphambili zibonise ukuba i-mannose inokunyanga kwaye ithintele usulelo lwe-urinary tract, ngoko ke ezinye iimveliso zempilo zangaphandle kunye ne-mannose njengenxalenye ephambili zisetyenziselwa ukugcina impilo ye-urinary system.

Sekude kwaziwa ukuba amathumba anemfuno ephezulu yeglucose kunezicubu eziqhelekileyo. Iiseli ze-tumor zinokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 i-glucose eninzi njengeeseli eziqhelekileyo kwaye zithembele ngakumbi kwi-glycolysis yamandla ukugcina ukukhula kwazo ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, i-tumor "iswekile efana nobomi", ebusweni be-mannose, kodwa imeko eyahlukileyo yenzeke. Ngo-2018, ijenali yeNdalo yapapasha isifundo se-blockbuster esivela kuPhando lweCancer e-UK ukuba i-mannose inokuthintela amathumba. Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba emva kokuba i-mannose ingena kwiiseli ze-tumor, iqokelela ngaphakathi kwiiseli ngendlela ye-mannose 6-phosphate, ithintela umthombo wamandla we-tumor ngokuphazamisa i-metabolism ye-glucose, ngaloo ndlela ivimbela ukukhula kweeseli ze-tumor. Ukuze uqinisekise esi sigqibo, abaphandi baqhubela phambili ukuhlola kwimodeli ithumba mouse, bongeza mannose kumanzi okusela ezi "umhlaza" iimpuku, kwaye kuvandlakanywa isiphumo somlomo mannose kunyango iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza ezifana umhlaza wepancreatic kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga kwiimpuku. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba ukulawulwa ngomlomo kwe-mannose ngokusela amanzi ngokufanelekileyo kulibazise ukukhula kwethumba kwiimpuku. Emva kokuqinisekisa isiphumo sonyango se-mannose kwimodeli yethumba lempuku, abaphandi bacinge ngokuphatha i-mannose kwiimpuku ukongeza kwi-chemotherapy yonyango lwe-adjuvant, kwaye bamangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba i-mannose iphucula isiphumo sonyango lwe-chemotherapy, kungekuphela nje ukucutha umthamo wethumba kwiimpuku, kodwa nokwandisa ixesha lobomi be "cancerous". Kulo nyaka, iqela lophando leYunivesithi yaseFudan lifumene indlela entsha ye-mannose anti-cancer-elawula i-molecule ye-immune checkpoint PD-L1. Yintoni i-tumor immune checkpoint? Siyazi ukuba xa imizimba yangaphandle efana neebhaktheriya zangaphandle kunye neentsholongwane zihlasela okanye iiseli emzimbeni zifa okanye zibe ngumhlaza, ukusebenza komzimba womntu kuya kuqaliswa, kwaye amajoni omzimba aya kudlala indima emva kokuba evuliwe ukususa ezi "molekyuli zangaphandle". Kwangaxeshanye, ukuze ugweme ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwe-immune system kunye "nokubulala ngokungakhethiyo" kweeseli zezicubu eziqhelekileyo emzimbeni, kukho isethi "yeemolekyuli zokujonga amajoni omzimba" emzimbeni wethu. I-PD-L1 iyimolekyuli ebalulekileyo yokuhlola i-immune emzimbeni wethu, enokuthi ibophe kwi-molecule ye-PD-1 kumphezulu weeseli zokuzivikela kwaye ithumele uphawu "lokuqhawula" kwiiseli zokuzivikela ukuze ugweme ukubulawa kweeseli eziqhelekileyo ngamaseli omzimba (Umfanekiso 2). Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo ye-brake emzimbeni wethu ixhatshazwa ngeeseli ze-tumor ezinobuqili, kwaye iiseli ze-T kwi-tumor microenvironment zinoxanduva lokubulala amathumba, kwaye iiseli zethumba ziya kukhulula "i-brake" imiqondiso kwiiseli ze-T ngokubonakaliswa okuphezulu kwee-molecule ze-PD-L1, ukuvimbela umsebenzi weeseli ze-T, ukuze uphephe ukubulawa kwamajoni omzimba.

I-molecule ye-PD-L1 yiprotheni etyebileyo ekuguquleni i-glycosylation. Iqela lophando leYunivesithi yaseFudan lifumene ukuba i-mannose inokutshabalalisa ukuzinza kweprotheni ye-PD-L1 ngokulawula i-glycosylation yee-molecule ze-PD-L1, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukuthotywa kwee-molecule ze-PD-L1. Ke, xa imolekyuli ye-PD-L1 echazwe kakhulu kwiiseli zethumba ithotywa yi-mannose, ngaba iiseli zethumba azinakunyanzela iiseli ze-T ukuba "ziqhekeze"? Abaphandi baqinisekisa i-hypothesis: iiseli ze-tumor eziphathwa nge-mannose zazinokwenzeka ukuba zibulawe ziiseli ze-T; Kwimodeli yethumba lempuku, i-mannose yomlomo inokukhuthaza uhlaselo kunye nokubulawa kweeseli ze-T kwithumba kwaye zithintele ukukhula kwethumba, kwaye indibaniselwano ye-mannose kunye ne-immune checkpoint antibody drug ikhuthaza ngakumbi ukuhlasela kunye nokubulawa kweeseli ze-T kwithumba, kwaye yandisa kakhulu ixesha lokuphila "lomhlaza" weempuku.

Njengoko sichazile ngaphambili, i-mannose ifumaneka ngokwemvelo kwezinye iziqhamo, ngakumbi i-cranberries enomxholo ophezulu we-mannose (Umfanekiso 3). Abantu abaninzi banokuzibuza, ngaba ukutya i-cranberries kukuthintela okanye ukunyanga umhlaza? Enyanisweni, ukuxinwa kwe-mannose enikwe iimpuku "zomhlaza" kwezi zifundo zimbini zingasentla kwakuphezulu ukuya kuma-20%, oku kuthetha ukuba yonke i-100ml yamanzi okusela iqulethe i-20g ye-mannose, i-concentration ephezulu kakhulu kunye nedosi. Ngoko ke, sidla i-cranberries kunye nezinye iziqhamo zokwandisa ukungena kwe-mannose, ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kunokukhuthaza ukukhuseleka, ukulungelelaniswa kwimpilo, kodwa ufuna ukufezekisa umphumo we-cranberries echasene nomhlaza yedwa kude ngokwaneleyo.