I-Erythritol, njengodidi lotywala beswekile, butywala beswekile yendalo efumaneka kakhulu kwiimelon, umngundo, isosi yesoya, iwayini, kunye nezinye iziselo ezinxilisayo zeswekile, ezifana nexylitol, sorbitol, maltitol, iphuma kwiswekile. [1] Ke ngoko, ekutyeni kwethu kwemihla ngemihla, sonke sisebenzisa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwale nto. Kwango-1848, usokhemisti waseSkotlani uJohn Stenhouse wafumanisa le nto, waza wayihlukanisa ngempumelelo ngo-1952.

Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafumanisa ukuba i-erythritol ayinayo nje i-sucrose sweetness ye-60-70% kunye ne-0.21 kuphela iikhalori ngegrama yamandla [3], ibangela utshintsho oluncinci kwishukela egazini kumzimba womntu, kuba emva kokusela i-erythritol, ininzi yayo ifunxa kwaye ikhutshwe kumchamo. [4] Ngenxa yolu phawu, i-erythritol isetyenziswa ziintlobo ezininzi zokutya neziselo endaweni ye-sucrose.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-erythritol iye yamkelwa ngokubanzi kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimarike zehlabathi nakwilizwe laseTshayina, kwaye ngaphezu kwemimandla ye-60 kunye namazwe avumile ukusetyenziswa kwe-erythritol ekutyeni, kubandakanya iYurophu, iUnited States, iJapan, iCanada, iMexico, iBrazil, iArgentina, iTurkey, iRussia, iIndiya, iOstreliya kunye neNew Zealand. Isetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo ezifana neziselo, itshungama, itshokolethi, iilekese, indawo yokubhaka kunye nokutya okunempilo.

Ukongeza, ezi zibonelelo ze-erythritol ziye zaseka isimo sayo njengendawo yeswekile:

Okokuqala, ubumnandi be-erythritol ecocekileyo kunye ne-sucrose isondele kakhulu kwiimpawu ezimnandi, ihlaziya kwaye ayinayo i-aftertaste, kwaye ayinayo i-metallic "aftertaste" yezinye izimuncumuncu zokwenziwa, [5] ziphucula ukuzinza komgangatho wesiselo.

Okwesibini, i-erythritol engeyona i-glycemic emzimbeni womntu nayo ihluke kwezinye ii-alcohols zeswekile, malunga ne-90% ye-erythritol emzimbeni emva kokungena emathunjini amancinci ifakwe egazini, kwaye iphuma kumchamo, kuphela malunga ne-10% kwikholoni, kwaye ekugqibeleni iya kukhutshwa. [4] Oku kunika abo bangakwaziyo ukusebenzisa iswekile ithuba lokufumana ubumnandi kwakhona.

Okwesithathu, ukukhusela i-caries yamazinyo, ukukhusela impilo yomlomo i-erythritol inenzuzo kwimpilo yomlomo, i-erythritol ayiyi kuxutyushwa ngebhaktheriya yomlomo, kwaye inefuthe lokuthintela kwi-streptococcus, uphando lubonisa ukuba i-erythritol inokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-plaque yamazinyo, kwaye inokuthintela ukubola kwamazinyo. Iilollipops zabantwana abaninzi, iilekese zabantwana ziya kusebenzisa i-erythritol njengomthombo oswiti.

4. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-solubility kunye ne-hygroscopic erythritol ephantsi inepropathi ephantsi ye-hygroscopic, i-crystallization efanelekileyo, kwaye kulula ukuyityumza ibe yimveliso yomgubo. Ipropathi yayo ye-hygroscopic yeyona incinci phakathi kotywala beswekile kunye ne-sucrose sweeteners. Ubushushu besisombululo se-erythritol ngu-97.4J/g. Ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu besisombululo, ifunxa amandla amaninzi xa inyibilika emanzini kwaye inesiphumo esinamandla sokupholisa. Ukutya okuqinileyo kunye neconfectionery eveliswa ngayo kunencasa epholileyo xa ityiwe. [6]

Ngapha koko, inani lamasebe asekhaya afanelekileyo lenze uvandlakanyo olubanzi lwayo kwaye yaqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwe-erythritol. Ngamazwe ngamazwe, i-World Health Organization (WHO), i-United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), i-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), njl., iqinisekise ukhuseleko lwayo, kunye ne-Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) ifake i-erythritol njengenxalenye yokutya okunempilo.

Kwi-substitute yeswekile yendalo, eneneni, kukho amanqaku "aphezulu".

Umzekelo, i-xylitol sisimuncumuncu sendalo esithathwe kwi-birch, i-oki, i-corncob, i-bagasse kunye nezinye izinto ezikrwada zezityalo, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kukutya kwesifo seswekile kwaye iyindawo eyaziwayo yeswekile yendalo.

Nangona kunjalo, "inkqubo yokuvelisa" ye-xylitol isenazo ezinye iintsilelo: ininzi i-acid ye-industrial acid hydrolysis, engekho ngokupheleleyo "yendalo". Ukongezelela, nangona i-caloric kunye ne-glycemic index ye-xylitol iphantsi, ayikho "i-zero", kwaye ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubangela ukusabela okubi okufana nokuqhaqha kunye nesifo sohudo, kwaye ukunyamezela kuphantsi.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-erythritol nayo "yendalo kwaye isempilweni" ngokwembono yenkqubo, kwaye yenye yee-alcohol ezimbalwa zeswekile eziveliswa yi-microbial fermentation.

Akunzima ukufumanisa ukuba i-substitutes yeswekile efana ne-erythritol, engokwemvelo ekubunjweni nasekuveliseni, iselukhetho lokuqala kubathengi abaninzi ukufumana "inkululeko emnandi".