I-sodium alginate yimveliso yokukhupha i-iodine kunye ne-mannitol kwi-algae emdaka efana ne-kelp okanye i-seaweed. I-molecule yayo yenziwe nge-β - D-mannuronic acid (M) kunye ne-α - L-guluronic acid (G) edityaniswe ngu (1 → 4) iibhondi. Isisombululo se-sodium alginate yamanzi sine-viscosity ephezulu kwaye isetyenziswe njenge-thickener, i-stabilizer, i-emulsifier, njl. I-alginate ye-sodium kukutya okungeyona inetyhefu eyayifakwe e-United States Pharmacopeia ekuqaleni kwe-1938. I-alginate ye-sodium iqulethe isixa esikhulu se-COO -, esinokubonisa ukuziphatha kwe-polyanionic kwisisombululo samanzi kwaye inomlinganiselo othile wokubambelela. Ingasetyenziselwa njengomphathi weziyobisi ukunyanga izicubu ze-mucosal. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ze-acidic, - Xa i-COO - iguqulwa ibe yi-COOH, i-degree ye-ionization iyancipha, i-hydrophilicity ye-alginate ye-sodium iyancipha, i-molecular chain chain, kwaye ixabiso le-pH liyenyuka Iqela le-COOH liqhubeka lidibanisa, likhulisa i-hydrophilicity ye-sodium alginate kunye nokwelula i-molecular chain. Ngoko ke, i-alginate ye-sodium ine-pH ebalulekileyo. I-sodium alginate inokukhawuleza ukwenza ijeli phantsi kweemeko ezinobunzima kakhulu. Xa ii-cations ezifana ne-Ca2 + kunye ne-Sr2 + zikhona, i-Na + kwiyunithi ye-G iya kutshintshiselana nge-divalent cations, kunye neyunithi ye-G iya kupakisha ukwenza i-cross-linked network structure, ngaloo ndlela yenze i-hydrogel. Iimeko apho iifom ze-sodium alginate i-gel zilula, ezinokunqanda ukungasebenzi kweziyobisi ezibuthathaka, iiprotheni, iiseli, i-enzymes kunye nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo. Ngenxa yezi zakhiwo zibalaseleyo, i-sodium alginate isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwishishini lokutya kunye namasimi amayeza.