I-Sucralose ithatha indawo yeswekile. Yinto esetyenziswa ngokubanzi isweetener eyenziweyo. Abantu bahlala betsalela kwiindawo zeswekile kuba zibonelela ngobumnandi kodwa aziqulathanga umxholo wekhalori ofumaneka kwitafile yeswekile. I-Sucralose isoloko isetyenziswa njengesithako ekutyeni nakwiziselo, ehlala ithengiswe “njengeswekile” okanye “ukuncipha kobunzima” ukunciphisa ukuthathwa kwekhalori iyonke.

Yintoni i-sucralose?

I-Sucralose sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi esingondleki, i-zero-calorie esenziwayo siswiti. I-Sucralose idityaniswe ngobuqhetseba ukusuka kwiswekile etafileni (iswekile esetafileni) ngokwenkqubo enamanyathelo amaninzi etshintsha ngokukhethayo amaqela amathathu e-hydroxyl kwimolekyuli yeswekile ngeeathom ezintathu zeklorin. Emva koko, yahlanjululwa malunga ne-98%. Olu tshintsho lweekhemikhali luqinisekisa ukuba i-sucralose imnandi ngamaxesha angama-600 kuneswekile yetafile. Isiphelo semveliso simhlophe, siyikristale, sinesiswiti esenziwe kakuhle esisebenza kakhulu nesinyibilika kakhulu emanzini. Ukunyibilika okuphezulu kweSucralose emanzini kuyenza ilungele ukudityaniswa kukutya okwahlukeneyo okucutshungulwayo: izinto ezibhakiweyo, iziselo, itshungama, igelatin, kunye nezimuncumuncu zobisi ezikhenkcezisiweyo. Abantu abafuna ezinye izimuncumuncu ngokubanzi bakhetha i-sucralose kwezinye izimuncumuncu ezenziweyo ezifana ne-aspartame kunye ne-saccharin. Njengenxalenye yeswekile yetafile, i-sucralose igcina incasa yayo eqhelekileyo "efana neswekile", ngelixa ingenawo incasa ekrakrayo eqhelekileyo kwezinye iindawo zeswekile. Ubumnandi obunamandla be-sucralose buvumela inani elincinci ukuba lihambe indlela ende, okwenza kube lukhetho oludumileyo kwizidlo eziphantsi kweekhalori. Ukufunxwa kwe-sucralose kwindlela yesisu kuncinci, kwaye indlela ephambili yokukhupha i-sucralose engatshintshiyo kwi-stool. Ngoko ke, akukho nkqubo ye-catabolic (ukuphuka), eqinisekisa ukuba i-sucralose ayiyena umthombo wamandla kunye / okanye iikhalori. Istatus of Approm and regulation sucralose yamkelwa okokuqala ukuba isetyenziswe eCanada ngo 1991, yalandelwa yi Australia ngo 1993 kunye New Zealand ngo 1996. Ngo 1998, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yavuma sucralose ukuba isetyenziswe ku 15 iindidi zokutya neziselo, kwaye yandisiwe ukusetyenziswa kwayo njengenjongo jikelele-njongo yokusetyenziswa njenge sweetener99 ukutya okuvunyiweyo. i-additive kwi-European Union ngo-2004. I-FDA ilawula i-sucralose njengento yokongeza ukutya. Ngaphantsi koMthetho woKutya, iChiza, kunye neCosmetic Act, iiswiti kufuneka zikhuseleke ukuba zityiwe. Uzimiselo lokhuseleko lwe-FDA lusekwe kuphononongo olubanzi lwezilwanyana kunye nolingo lwezonyango oluvavanya i-toxicology, i-teratogenicity (amandla okubangela ukonakala komntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa), kunye ne-carcinogenicity. Ngokweengcebiso ze-FDA, inqanaba elamkelekileyo lemihla ngemihla (ADI) le-sucralose e-United States libekwe kwi-5 mg / kg ubunzima bomzimba ngosuku (mg / kg / ngosuku). Iingenelo ezinokubakho zokusebenzisa i-sucralose kulawulo lwe-calorie-free weight

Ngokungafaniyo neswekile yetafile, i-sucralose ayigaywanga okanye iphulwe kwindlela yesisu kwaye ayisebenzi njenge-caloric fuel emzimbeni wethu. I-Sucralose ke ngoko lukhetho oludumileyo lwabantu abafuna ukutshintsha iswekile yetafile (iitispuni enye okanye malunga ne-4.2 grams yeswekile etafileni ineekhalori ezili-16) kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwekhalori iyonke. Ngokubandakanya i-sucralose ekutyeni kwabo, abantu banokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo ezimnandi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga neekhalori ezongezelelweyo, eziyimfuneko kulawulo lobunzima.

Ifanelekile ukulawula isifo seswekile

I-Sucralose ayenziwa i-metabolized yimizimba yethu ukuze ibe namandla kwaye ayibangeli ukunyuka kwamanqanaba eswekile yegazi (6). Ngokusekwe kwizifundo zeklinikhi ze-sucralose kubantu abanesifo seswekile, i-FDA igqibe kwelokuba i-sucralose ayichaphazeli kakubi ulawulo lweswekile lwexesha elifutshane kubantu abanesifo seswekile esi-2. Ukongeza, uthotho lwezifundo zeklinikhi lubonise ukuba i-sucralose ayichaphazeli i-glucose homeostasis yexesha elide (njengoko ilinganiswe yi-HbA1c glycosylation) kwizigulana ezinesifo seswekile esi-2. Ke ngoko, i-sucralose lukhetho olukhuselekileyo lwesweetener kubantu abanesifo seswekile abagcina ukutya okune-carb ephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, njengakuluphi na ukhetho lokutya, abantu abanesifo seswekile kufuneka badibane nogqirha wabo odibeneyo okanye osebenzayo kwisicwangciso sokutya somntu ngelixa bebeka iliso kumngcipheko we-hypoglycemia kwi-sucralose. Iingxaki zempilo ezinokwenzeka kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga Nangona i-sucralose iye yahlaziywa ukhuseleko ngabalawuli, ukhuseleko lwe-sucralose kunye neziphumo zayo zempilo ezinokubakho zihlala zixoxwa. Ngokukodwa, izifundo ze-toxicological ezivavanya iziphumo zokulawulwa kwe-glucose, i-neurotoxicity, kunye ne-carcinogenicity kwizilwanyana zihlala zivuselela uqikelelo.

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-sweeteners eyenziweyo, kubandakanywa ne-sucralose, ivuselela ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin ngama-receptors amnandi abonakaliswe kwiiseli ze-beta kwi-pancreas, ngakumbi ngokungabikho kweglucose. I-Sucralose nayo ibonakaliswe ukuba yenza i-GLP-1 secretion. I-GLP-1 ibalulekile kwi-glucose homeostasis kwaye ngokubanzi iphucula ukukhuselwa kwe-insulin elawulwa yi-glucose. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-insulin egazini emva kokuvezwa kwi-sucralose kunokukhokelela ekunganyangekiyo kwe-insulin ngenxa yokunciphisa umsebenzi we-receptor. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-glucose homeostasis (ulawulo lwamanqanaba eswekile yegazi) kunye nokunciphisa uvakalelo lwe-insulin yimpawu eziphambili ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwemetabolism. Ukungakwazi okuzingisileyo ukubuyisela ngokufanelekileyo i-glucose kuphazamisa ukulawulwa kweswekile yegazi kwaye kukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni okulandelayo kwezifo ze-metabolic ezifana nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, ukukhuluphala, kunye ne-dyslipidemia. Ukongezelela, umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa isifo senhliziyo unyuke kakhulu. Iziphumo kwimpilo yamathumbu kunye ne-microbiome I-Sucralose ithathwa ngokuba "yi-metabolically inert" kuba ayifuntshwanga kodwa ikhutshelwa ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo esitulweni. Oku kwenza ukuba kungabi lula ukuba yi-substrate ye-gut microbiome. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubungqina bokuba ukuvezwa kwe-sucralose kunokuguqula ngokuthe ngqo i-gut microbiota yethu ngokulawulwa kweswekile yegazi okanye impendulo enokuthi ibekho kwi-immune-mediated. Izifundo ezininzi zezilwanyana zibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-intestinal microbiome; Ubonise ubuninzi obuninzi beebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic kunye nokunciphisa ubuninzi beebhaktheriya eziluncedo zamathumbu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhanjiswa kwedatha yezilwanyana ebantwini kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo, njengoko ukusebenza kwabo kwimpilo yabantu nakwizifo kunokuthintelwa. Ulingo lweklinikhi olwenzelwe ukuphanda iziphumo zexesha elifutshane (i-14-day dry expectation) intake ye-sucralose kwi-glucose metabolism nayo ihlolisise imiphumo yokuthatha ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwansuku zonke kwe-NNS kwi-gut microbiota. Uphononongo lugqibe ekubeni i-sucralose ayizange ibangele utshintsho olubalulekileyo kubutyebi be-gut microbiota okanye ukulingana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, olunye ulingo olulawulwa ngokungakhethiyo lwexesha elifutshane lubonise ukuba ukongezwa kokutya kunye ne-NNS kunokuchaphazela amandla okusebenza kwe-microbiome yomntu, kunye ne-sucralose enesiphumo esibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba zombini iimvavanyo zeklinikhi zivavanye iziphumo zexesha elifutshane le-NNS supplementation (kubandakanywa ne-sucralose), kunye namaxesha okuvezwa okude ayafuneka ukuze kuqondwe ngokupheleleyo iziphumo zezempilo zokuxhaswa kwe-NNS kwi-gut microbiome yomntu. Iziphumo zexesha elide ze-sucralose kunye nezinye i-NNS kwi-gut microbiome yomntu yindawo yophando oluqhubekayo.

Imiba ye-neurological kunye nokulawulwa kokutya Nangona i-sucralose ithathwa njenge-calorie-free, ivuselela i-receptors yencasa eswiti, ibangela ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin kwi-pancreas, kwaye iqala i-metabolic cascade elinganisa imeko yokutya. Ukungabikho kweglucose, ukugcinwa rhoqo kwe-insulin kubuyisela ibhalansi yethu ye-metabolic kunye nekhemistri yengqondo. Iincasa zethu zikhohliselwa ekubeni sicinge ukuba sitya iswekile yokwenene. Kulingo lwe-crossover engahleliweyo, abathathi-nxaxheba ababhinqileyo abatyebileyo babonise umsebenzi owongeziweyo kwimimandla yobuchopho ehambelana nokuphendula kokutya kunye nokusetyenzwa komvuzo, okukhokelela ekwandeni kokutya kwekhalori kulandela ukusetyenziswa kwe-sucralose. Olu pho nonongo lubonelela ngobungqina obubambekayo bokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-sucralose kunye nezinye ii-sweeteners ezenziweyo kunxulunyaniswa nokunyuka kokutya kunye neminqweno, ukutya kakhulu, kunye nokuzuza ubunzima obulandelayo kunye nokutyeba.