1. Indlela yokukhupha ngokuthe ngqo

I-Xylitol yaqala ukubekwa yodwa kwixolo lemithi ye-oki ngusosayensi waseJamani uHermann Emil Fischer ngo-1890. I-Xylitol ngokwemvelo ikhona kwizinto ezibonakalayo ezisekelwe kwizityalo kwindalo, ezifana ne-strawberries, i-plums ephuzi, i-cauliflower, kunye nezinye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno (300-935 mg / 100 g ubunzima obomileyo). I-solvent extraction ingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha ngokuthe ngqo i-xylitol kwizinto ezisekelwe kwizityalo, kodwa umxholo we-xylitol uphantsi kwizinto ezisekelwe kwizityalo ezifana neziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Nangona umxholo we-xylitol kwi-apricot plums uphezulu kunezinye izinto ezisekelwe kwizityalo, kunye nomxholo we-xylitol kwi-plums eluhlaza malunga ne-1% yobunzima obomileyo, ukukhupha ngokuthe ngqo i-xylitol kubo kufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, kudla amandla amakhulu, kwaye kuneendleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa.

2. Indlela yokuhlanganisa imichiza

Ngeminyaka yoo-1970, iFinland yaba yeyokuqala ukusebenzisa ichromatography ukwahlula i-D-xylose kwiihemicellulose ezahlukeneyo ezinamaplanga. Emva koko, i-D-xylose yancitshiswa yaba yi-xylitol phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye ne-hydrogen catalysis, kwaye yaphuhliswa kwindlela yokuvelisa i-xylitol yezoshishino.

I-Xylitol inokuncitshiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-D-xylose ecocekileyo ngokusebenzisa i-chemical synthesis, okanye idityaniswe kwi-lignocellulosic biomass etyebileyo kwi-xylose. Ukuveliswa kwe-xylitol ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe kudla ngokusetyenziswa izinto eziluhlaza ezityebileyo kwi-polysaccharides ye-pentose, efana nomququ wengqolowa yendalo, ingqolowa, isitovu sombona, isikhwebu sombona, njl. njl., ezihlanjululwa yi-acid hydrolysis (efana ne-HCI, HSO), ize ihlanjululwe kumaqhezu e-hemicellulose. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-xylose ifumana impendulo ye-hydrogenation.

3. Indlela yenguqu yebhayoloji

Indlela ye-biotechnology ibandakanya ukuhlanjululwa kwenkunkuma yezolimo equlethe iiswekile zepentose (ezifana nezikhwebu zombona, i-bagasse, kunye ne-olive pomace) eneasidi edilulisiweyo ukufumana i-xylose hydrolysate, ethi emva koko ithotywe ibe yi-xylitol ziintsholongwane. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-microbial fermentation ye-hemicellulose hydrolyzate ukuvelisa i-xylitol ineenzuzo zeemeko zokusabela okuthambileyo, ukusebenza okulula, ubuhlobo bokusingqongileyo, ungcoliseko oluphantsi lwesalamane, kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ethembekileyo, iyenza ibe yindlela enexabiso eliphantsi yokufumana le polyol.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-xylitol inde, kodwa iinkqubo ezininzi eziphambili kufuneka zibanjwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso ze-xylitol kunye nenkqubela phambili egudileyo yemveliso. Oku kwaziwa njengenkqubo yentsebenziswano. Nje ukuba iinkqubo ezininzi ezingundoqo zigqitywe, amanqaku aphambili emveliso yexylitol ayabanjwa.

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