?????????????? ?? ???-????? ????? ??????????, ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????, ????? ??? ?? ??????, ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? 122.12. ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????, ????? ??? ???????, ????????, ?????, ????????????, ???"? ?. ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????????? ????, ????? ??? ??????, ??? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ???????? ????, ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????, ????? ??? ????? [1] [2]. ??????????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????????, ????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????????????. ?? ?????????? ????? ????? 0.2 ??????? / ?, ??? ?? ??????????? ????????????? ????? 70% ??? ?? ??????????? ????? ??? ????????, ????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????????? ????? ???????-????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? [3]. ?????????????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???? ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? [2]. ??? ????????, 90% ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??????, ????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? [4]. ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???????? [5]. ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????.

?????????, ??????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ??????????????. ????????? ??? ??????? ??????, ??? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ???? ????????????? ?????????????? ??? ????, ????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???????????????? ?????????????? [4]. ???????, ?? ?????????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????????

????? ????????: ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ????????, ????? 2/3 ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????????. ??????????? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????????? - ????? ???????????, ??????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????????? [7,8]. ??? ????????, ???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ????-????? ??????????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????, ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????-????? ???????????, ???????? ?? ??????-??????????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????, ??? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????, ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????.

?? ????????? ????? ??? ???: ????????????????? ??????????? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ????? 90% ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????????? ???? ????? ????????????, ??? ????? ????? 10% ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????????????. ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????, ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ???????????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????????, ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???????-??????????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????, ??????? ????????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????, ??????????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????, ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???? ????????????? ??? ??? ???, ??? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? [9]. ?? ?????? ????????????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????. ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ??? ????? 1/10-1/20 ??? ?? ??????, ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? 0.2-0.4 ????/?, ????? ??? 5% ?? 10% ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????????, ??? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????????.

???? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????: ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???????????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???, ??? ????????? ??? 10% ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????. ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????????, ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? [10]. ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? "2007 ??? 12" ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? "????????? ???? ?? ?????????", ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? 50 ??????, ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??? ? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????????.

???????????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????: Yokozawa et al. [11] ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ???? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????????, ??? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????, ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ????. ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ???????????, ??????????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ????????, ????????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????. ???????, ??????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? [12,13].

???-??????? ?????????????: Honkala et al. [14] ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????, ??? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????, ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????. ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????, ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????????????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? [15]. ??? ?????, ?????????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????-??????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ????????????: 1. ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????; 2, ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ??????????; 3. ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????????? [16]. ???????, ??????????? ??? ?????-??????? ????????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??????.