I-Erythritoli-four-carbon sugar alcohol, ilungu lomndeni we-polyol, okuyikristalu emhlophe, engenaphunga enesisindo samangqamuzana angu-122.12 kuphela. Ivame ukutholakala ezithelweni ezihlukahlukene, njengamakhabe, amapentshisi, amapheya, amagilebhisi, njll. Ibuye itholakale ekudleni okuvutshiwe, njengewayini, ubhiya kanye nesoso yesoya. Ngaso leso sikhathi, itholakala futhi oketshezini lomzimba wesilwane njengama-eyeballs omuntu, i-serum nesidoda [1][2]. I-Erythritol iyi-biosweetener egcwele enokunambitheka okupholile, engenawo yonke imisebenzi emihle kakhulu yemikhiqizo yotshwala kashukela, kodwa futhi inenani eliphansi lamandla kanye nezakhiwo zokubekezelela okuphezulu. Ama-calories ayo angu-0.2 kcal/g kuphela, futhi izici zayo zobumnandi zingama-70% wamandla okumnandi e-sucrose, okwenza ibe isithako esisebenzayo nesiphephile sokudla okunekhalori ephansi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala [3]. Ucwaningo lwe-toxicological lubonise ukuthi i-erythritol ibekezelelwa kahle futhi ayikhiqizi noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi noma imiphumela enobuthi [2]. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-90% ye-erythritol efakwe ekudleni ayitholi imiphumela ye-biochemical futhi ikhishwa emchameni ngendlela engashintshiwe, ngaleyo ndlela ingathinti ushukela wegazi noma amazinga e-insulin [4]. I-Erythritol nayo ingadlala indima ye-antioxidant ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esithile samangqamuzana [5]. Lezi zakhiwo ezingase zibe khona zokusetshenziswa kwe-erythritol zivuse isithakazelo esikhulayo kule nhlanganisela embonini yokudla kanye nasezimbonini zezimonyo nezemithi.

Njengamanje, i-erythritol ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ukuvutshelwa kwe-microbial. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-erythritol ngokuvutshelwa kwe-microbial ithambile, kulula ukuyilawula, futhi inganciphisa kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwemvelo [4]. Ngakho-ke, ithemba lokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo linethemba elibanzi

Ubumnandi obumaphakathi: Ubumnandi be-erythritol bungaphansi kancane kunobe-sucrose, cishe 2/3 yobumnandi be-sucrose. I-Erythritol iwumkhiqizo oluhlaza wemvelo onomuzwa ohlanzekile omnandi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye esikhundleni sikashukela - utshwala obushukela, i-erythritol inemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba [7,8]. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-erythritol ihlanganiswa nama-sweeteners anamandla aphezulu njenge-stevia ne-momoside, ingavala ukunambitheka okungajabulisi okubangelwa ama-sweeteners anamandla amakhulu, inciphise ukuqaqamba kwe-post-astringency nokucasuka kwesixazululo, futhi ithuthukise ukunambitheka okubushelelezi kwesixazululo, kwenze ubumnandi busondele ku-sucrose.

Inani le-caloric liyi-zero: ama-molecule e-erythrothreitol mancane kakhulu, futhi angaba ngu-90% angangena ekujikelezeni kwegazi ngemva kokusetshenziswa komuntu, futhi cishe amaphesenti angu-10 kuphela angena ngqo emathunjini amakhulu njengomthombo wekhabhoni wokuvutshelwa. Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba awunawo ama-enzyme angakwazi ukugawula i-erythritol ngokuqondile, i-erythritol imuncwa emathunjini aseduze ngokusabalaliswa kokwenziwa, ngendlela efana naleyo yamangqamuzana amaningi anesisindo esiphansi se-organic ngaphandle kwesistimu yokuthutha esebenzayo, izinga layo lokumuncwa lihlobene nosayizi wamangqamuzana awo. Ngenxa yesisindo sayo samangqamuzana amancane, i-erythritol idlula ulwelwesi lwamathumbu ngokushesha kune-mannose kanye ne-glucose, kodwa ayigayiwe futhi iwonakele ngemva kokumuncwa emzimbeni, futhi ingakhishwa kuphela emchameni ngokusebenzisa izinso [9]. Isici esiyingqayizivele sokuphila kanye ne-metabolic se-erythritol sinquma inani layo le-calorific eliphansi. Inani lamandla lokungenisa i-erythritol liwu-1/10-1/20 kuphela wokuthathwa, futhi inani layo lamandla lingu-0.2-0.4 kJ/g, okungama-5% kuya ku-10% wamandla e-sucrose, futhi ingamandla aphansi kakhulu kuwo wonke ama-alcohols athatha indawo kashukela.

Ukubekezelela okuphezulu kanye nemiphumela emincane engemihle: Ngenxa yendlela eyingqayizivele ye-erythritol ye-metabolic, iningi lotshwala obushukela ngemuva kokusetshenziswa bukhishwa ngezinso, futhi bungaphansi kuka-10% bungena emathunjini. Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba womuntu awunayo i-enzyme yokwehlisa i-erythritol, inani layo eliphukile emzimbeni womuntu lincane kakhulu [10]. UMnyango Wezempilo ku- "2007 No. 12" isimemezelo sokuthatha i-erythritol "yengezwa ngokusho kwesidingo", ukudla kwansuku zonke kungase kube ngaphezu kwamagremu angu-50, futhi akukho isifo sohudo kanye negesi kanye neminye imiphumela emibi, ngokusebenzisa ithebula elilandelayo lingaqhathanisa ukubekezelelana komzimba womuntu noshukela amaningana.

Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela: Yokozawa et al. [11] uhlole umphumela we-erythritol ku-streptozotocin ebangelwa isifo sikashukela, futhi imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-erythritol inganciphisa kakhulu amazinga e-glucose ku-serum, isibindi kanye nezinso zamagundane anesifo sikashukela. Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba womuntu awunalo uhlelo lwe-enzyme lokusebenzisa i-erythritol, i-erythritol engena emzimbeni imuncwa ngokuphumelelayo ngaphandle kokugaywa futhi ikhishwe ngenqubo yezinso, okuphakamisa ukuthi i-erythritol inamandla alinganiselwe okudala izinguquko kushukela wegazi kanye namazinga e-insulin. Ngakho-ke, i-erythritol iphephile ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela uma isetshenziswa ekudleni okukhethekile [12,13].

Izakhiwo ezingezona i-caries: Honkala et al. [I-14] yafunda umphumela we-erythritol et al ekuthuthukisweni koqweqwe lwamazinyo lwamazinyo kanye ne-dentin caries, futhi imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi iqembu le-erythritol linenani eliphansi kakhulu le-dentin caries kanye nezindawo ezingaphezulu, futhi kwakungeyona ethambekele kakhulu ekulimaleni kwe-caries. Ngoba i-erythritol inganciphisa i-acid plaque yamazinyo, yehlise inani le-Streptococcus mutans ematheni kanye noqweqwe lwamazinyo, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ubungozi bokucasuka kwamazinyo [15]. Ukwengeza, ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi umsebenzi we-anti-caries we-erythritol unezinqubo ezintathu: 1. Ukunciphisa ukuvimbela ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwe-asidi yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zebhaktheriya ezihambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwamazinyo amazinyo; 2, ukunciphisa ukunamathela kwamagciwane omlomo we-streptococcus endaweni yezinyo; 3. Yehlisa isisindo soqweqwe lwamazinyo ezintweni eziphilayo [16]. Ngakho-ke, i-erythritol inezindawo zokulwa ne-caries futhi inenzuzo empilweni yomlomo.