I-Erythritol, njengohlobo lotshwala obushukela, iwutshwala obushukela bemvelo obutholakala kakhulu kumakhabe, isikhunta, isoso yesoya, iwayini, nobunye utshwala obushukela, njenge-xylitol, i-sorbitol, i-maltitol, iphuma kushukela. [1] Ngakho-ke, ekudleni kwethu kwansuku zonke, sonke sisebenzisa okuningi noma okuncane kwalesi sithako. Kusukela ngo-1848, usokhemisi waseScotland uJohn Stenhouse wathola le nto, futhi wayihlukanisa ngempumelelo ngo-1952.

Ososayensi bathole ukuthi i-erythritol ayinayo kuphela ubumnandi be-sucrose obungama-60-70% kanye nama-kilojoule angu-0.21 kuphela ngegremu lamandla [3], futhi ibangela ushintsho oluncane kushukela osegazini emzimbeni womuntu, ngoba ngemva kokungenisa i-erythritol, iningi layo liyamuncwa futhi likhishwe emchamweni. [4] Ngenxa yalesi sici, i-erythritol isetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningi zokudla neziphuzo esikhundleni se-sucrose.

Kuze kube manje, i-erythritol iye yaqashelwa kabanzi futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke naseShayina, futhi izifunda namazwe angaphezu kuka-60 agunyaze ukusetshenziswa kwe-erythritol ekudleni, okuhlanganisa iYurophu, i-United States, iJapane, iCanada, iMexico, iBrazil, i-Argentina, iTurkey, iRussia, i-India, i-Australia ne-New Zealand. Isetshenziswa njengempahla eluhlaza emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene efana neziphuzo, ushingamu, ushokoledi, uswidi, ibhikawozi kanye nokudla okunempilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinzuzo ze-erythritol ziphinde zasungula isimo sayo njengenkanyezi ebambele ushukela:

Okokuqala, ubumnandi be-erythritol emsulwa kanye ne-sucrose kusondelene kakhulu nezici ezimnandi, kuyaqabula futhi akukhona ukunambitha, futhi akunayo i-metallic "aftertaste" yezinye izishukela zokwenziwa, [5] zithuthukisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yesiphuzo.

Okwesibili, i-erythritol engeyona i-glycemic emzimbeni womuntu nayo ihlukile kwezinye iziphuzo ezidakayo zikashukela, cishe i-90% ye-erythritol emzimbeni ngemva kokungena emathunjini amancane idonswa egazini, futhi iphuma emchameni, cishe i-10% kuphela ku-colon, futhi ekugcineni izokhishwa. [4] Lokhu kunikeza labo abangakwazi ukudla ushukela inketho yokuzwa ubumnandi futhi.

Okwesithathu, ukuvimbela ukucasuka kwamazinyo, ukuvikela impilo yomlomo i-erythritol inenzuzo empilweni yomlomo, i-erythritol ngeke isetshenziswe ngamabhaktheriya omlomo, futhi inomphumela ovimbelayo ku-streptococcus, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-erythritol inganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-plaque yamazinyo, futhi ingavimbela ukubola kwamazinyo. Ama-lollipops ezingane eziningi, amaswidi ezingane azosebenzisa i-erythritol njengomthombo omnandi.

4. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-solubility kanye ne-erythritol ephansi ye-hygroscopic inendawo ephansi ye-hygroscopic, i-crystallization enhle, futhi kulula ukuyichoboza ibe imikhiqizo eyimpushana. Impahla yayo ye-hygroscopic incane kakhulu phakathi kotshwala obushukela kanye nama-sweeteners we-sucrose. Ukushisa kwesisombululo se-erythritol ngu -97.4J/g. Ngenxa yokushisa kwesisombululo esiphezulu, idonsa amandla amaningi lapho incibilika emanzini futhi inomphumela oqinile wokupholisa. Ukudla okuqinile kanye ne-confectionery ekhiqizwa ngakho kunokunambitheka okupholile uma kudliwa. [6]

Eqinisweni, iminyango eminingi yasekhaya efanelekile yenze ukuhlola okuphelele kwayo futhi yaqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-erythritol. Emazweni ngamazwe, i-World Health Organization (WHO), i-United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), i-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), njll., iqinisekise ukuphepha kwayo, futhi i-Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) ifake i-erythritol njengengxenye yokudla okunempilo.

Esikhundleni sikashukela wemvelo, empeleni, kukhona amaphuzu "aphakeme".

Isibonelo, i-xylitol iyi-sweetener yemvelo ekhishwe ku-birch, i-oki, i-corncob, i-bagasse nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa zezitshalo, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni kwesifo sikashukela futhi iyindawo eyaziwa kakhulu yoshukela wemvelo.

Kodwa-ke, "inqubo yokukhiqiza" ye-xylitol isenawo amaphutha athile: kuseyi-hydrolysis ye-acid yezimboni, engeyona "engokwemvelo" ngokuphelele. Ukwengeza, nakuba inkomba ye-caloric ne-glycemic ye-xylitol iphansi, ayiyona "zero", futhi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungase kubangele ukusabela okubi njengokuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo, futhi ukubekezelelana kuphansi.

Ngokuphambene, i-erythritol nayo "ingokwemvelo futhi inempilo" ngokombono wenqubo, futhi ingenye yeziphuzo zikashukela ezimbalwa ezikhiqizwa ukuvutshelwa kwe-microbial.

Akunzima ukuthola ukuthi esikhundleni sikashukela njenge-erythritol, engokwemvelo ekubunjweni nasekukhiqizeni, kuseyisinqumo sokuqala kubathengi abaningi ukuzuza "inkululeko emnandi".