Sekukonke, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezokudla esebenzayo yase-Japan akukwazi ukwehlukaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubomgomo. Ukudla okusebenzayo kwase-Japan kuhlukaniswe kwaba ukudla okusebenzayo okukhethekile, ukudla okunomsoco okusebenzayo kanye nokudla okusebenzayo kokulebula izigaba ezintathu, ukuqaliswa kokuhlukaniswa nokuphathwa kwezigaba. Imakethe ivuthiwe futhi ijwayele ukugcwala, futhi kukhona ukulungiswa kwenqubomgomo okuthathu ngesikhathi somkhakha wokunakekelwa kwezempilo wase-Japan. Endabeni yokunciphisa ukukhula kwemakethe, ukunwetshwa komkhawulo wenqubomgomo kugqugquzele ukukhula kwesikali semboni.

Ngaphambi kuka-2005: IJapane yabhekana nokuguqulwa kwenkathi yesithathu kuya kweyesine yokusetshenziswa, yabhekana nomnotho we-bubble kanye nokuqothuka kwezimali, futhi umphumela we-lipstick wawusobala ngaphansi kokucindezeleka komnotho; Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuguga kwabantu baseJapane kanye nokukhula kwezindleko zabathengi ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha kuye kwakhuthaza ukukhula okusheshayo kwesilinganiso semboni yomkhiqizo wokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ngemuva kuka-2005: sekukonke, izinga lokukhula kokudla okusebenzayo kweJapan lehla lisuka ezingeni eliphakeme laya ezingeni ledijithi elilodwa eliphansi, futhi lake laba libi ngaphansi komthelela walolu bhubhane, ikakhulukazi ngoba imboni isidlulile isikhathi sokukhula okusheshayo, esimweni somthelela wokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nokuntuleka kwesidingo sasekhaya, ngisho nokwethulwa kohlelo lokulebula olusebenzayo akuzange kushintshe ukuthambekela kokukhula kwemboni ngesivinini esiphansi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi imboni yezokudla esebenzayo ayinazo izindawo ezikhanyayo, phakathi kwazo imakethe yezokudla kwezemidlalo yesigatshana esingaphansi iye yavutha ngokushesha ngemva kokwethulwa kwenqubomgomo, lapho iphula ukukhula kwe-25%, futhi ingxenye yemboni yomkhiqizo wokunakekelwa kwezempilo inyuke isuka ku-4.2% ngo-2009 yaya ku-11% ngo-2023.

Uma sibheka izingxenye zemakethe yokudla esebenzayo yaseJapan, isilinganiso sezithako zokudla kusengesokuqala embonini, futhi umkhakha wokudla okunomsoco wezemidlalo uyavela kancane kancane, ngezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lika-12% eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Ngokusho kwe-Euromonitor, kusukela ngo-2009 kuya ku-2023, isabelo semboni yezokudla okungeziwe sikhombise ukwehla, kodwa isavule igebe elibalulekile kwezinye izimboni, futhi isabelo sayo sisalokhu siphezulu1. Isilinganiso kanye nengxenye yezimboni zendabuko zokondla kanye nokulawulwa kwesisindo sehlile; Imakethe yokudla okunomsoco wezemidlalo ibalwa ingxenye encane kunazo zonke, kodwa yabonisa ukuthambekela okucacile okukhuphukayo, ne-CAGR5 kanye ne-CAGR10 ibalwa ku-12.0%/9.3%, ngokulandelana. Kusukela ngo-2023, isamba semakethe sokudla/ukuphathwa kwesisindo/ukudla okunempilo kwe-tonic/kwezemidlalo ezimbonini ezine ezinhle zokudla okusebenzayo singama-61.2%, 6.0%, 21.7% kanye no-11.0%, ngokulandelana, futhi ukudla okunomsoco kwezemidlalo kudlule ukuphathwa kwesisindo ukuze ibe imakethe yesithathu ngobukhulu yokudla okusebenzayo.

Imakethe yokudla kwezemidlalo: ithrekhi yokudla esebenzayo ye-niche ekhuphuka kancane kancane, izinkampani zobisi ezixhumene nazo ziyabamba iqhaza. Ukudla kwamaprotheni ngomuntu ngamunye eJapane kwehle eminyakeni yamuva nje kwafinyelela ezingeni elifanayo nelango-1950, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile nokuqwashisa ngemikhuba yokudla egxile kakhulu emifino, okuholela ekungadlini ngokwanele. Ngomhla zi-4 kuNovemba 2020, i-Meiji ishicilele ucwaningo olubonisa okokuqala ukuhlobana okuhle phakathi kokudla kwamaprotheni nsuku zonke nokuzuza kwesisindo somzimba. Imikhiqizo yokudla kwezemidlalo ikhuphuka kancane kancane ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zansuku zonke zamaphrotheni zamaqembu okuqina kanye namaqembu ajwayelekile. Kuze kube manje, ukubamba iqhaza kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhizinisi ochungechungeni lwemboni yokudla yezempilo kuhlukaniswe ikakhulukazi izindlela ezimbili:

Bhalisa ukuze ube ukudla okuthile okusebenzayo, kodwa iningi lalawa mabhizinisi lingabakhiqizi abakhulu, bangaqedela ukuhlelwa komkhiqizo ekukhiqizeni, ukuthengiswa kochungechunge oluphelele lwemboni. Faka isicelo ukuze ube izindleko zokuthuthuka eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa zokulebula okusebenzayo kokudla, ukudla okunomsoco okusebenza kahle, iningi lalawa mabhizinisi ligxile ekuhlelweni komkhiqizo nokukhangisa, ukukhiqizwa kuphathiswe ngaphandle.

Ukusuka kokungokoqobo kuye kokwangempela, izimfuno zabathengi zokudla okusebenzayo ziye zashintsha kancane kancane zisuka esibalulweni esengeziwe sokwenza impilo ibe yinhle kuya esibalulweni sokuvimbela izifo ezigxile empilweni/ukuthuthukisa impilo, kanye nokuqwashisa ngokufaneleka okulethwa ukwehla kwesisindo kanye nesimo esiwubhubhane sisiza ekuthuthukisweni kwemakethe yokudla okunomsoco wezemidlalo. Ngokusho kwe-Yano Institute of Economic Research, ukugcinwa kwezempilo nokukhuthaza imikhiqizo efana nejusi eluhlaza, izakhi eziyisisekelo ezifana ne-VC, nemikhiqizo yobuhle njenge-hyaluronic acid ithatha ezintathu eziphezulu, kodwa ukuqoqwa kwamafutha angathathi hlangothi kanye nama-visceral abangelwa indlela yokuphila yesimanje. Amaqembu abo bonke ubudala aqala ukunaka "amafutha e-belly nokulahlekelwa isisindo", futhi egxile ekuhlanzeni ukulwa nokuguga nezinye izimfanelo ezinhle ezengeziwe zemikhiqizo yezempilo efana ne-VC kanye nesidingo se-hyaluronic acid sibonise ukwehla komkhuba, isikali samagciwane e-lactic acid anomsebenzi wokulawula amathumbu sibonise ukukhula okusheshayo, kulindeleke ukuthi sibonise ukukhula okuqhubekayo esikhathini esizayo. Ngokocwaningo lombono womphakathi lwe-Japan Sports Agency, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bayaqaphela ukubaluleka kokuqinisa amasosha omzimba namandla ayisisekelo angokomzimba, futhi izizathu ezintathu eziphezulu zokuba abantu bathuthukise ukuqina komzimba yilezi [abasematasatasa], [ukuvimbela i-COVID-19] kanye [nokwakha isithakazelo kwezemidlalo]. Ukwenziwa ngcono kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokufaneleka kanye nempilo kanye nokungavikeleki kuye kwabeka isisekelo esikhulu sokukhula kwemakethe yokudla okunomsoco wezemidlalo.

Ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwethrekhi yokudla esebenzayo kudonse ukunaka kwamabhizinisi ahlukahlukene, futhi sekuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthi abahlanganyeli bemakethe yokudla okunomsoco bangene kuyo. Ukwethulwa kohlelo lomshwalense okhethekile nakho kuwukubaluleka kwenkathi yesikhathi esedlule. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yezidingo zohlelo lokudla okuthile okusebenzayo, ukufakwa kuhlu kwemikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe ekhethekile kudinga ukudlula isikhathi eside socwaningo nentuthuko, izivivinyo zemitholampilo kanye nokuhlolwa kwenqubo yenqubomgomo, ngokuvamile amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo awakwazi ukukhokhela izindleko zocwaningo nentuthuko ephezulu kanye nezindleko zesikhathi esihamba kancane, ngakho ngokuvamile amabhizinisi amakhulu kuphela noma abaholi bezimboni bazokhetha ukufaka isicelo sokubhaliswa kokudla okuthile okusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi ngemva kokufakwa kuhlu kohlelo lomshwalense okhethekile, ukubhaliswa komkhiqizo kukhule kusukela ekukhuleni okukhulu kuye ekukhuphukeni, noma ngabe yizindleko eziphakeme ezilethwe ukuwa komnotho, noma imboni ngokwayo ithanda ukugcwala, lapho amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo engenalo ithuba lokuqhubeka nokuphila, ngakho-ke isikali semboni sike sawela ebhodleleni. Kusukela kwethulwa inqubomgomo yokudla esebenzayo ngo-2015, kuvulwe isiteshi esisha emabhizinisini amancane naphakathi nendawo, futhi ukuncishiswa komkhawulo wokungenela kanye nohlelo lokubhalisa nokufakwa ohlwini ngaphambi kokugunyazwa nakho kunciphise izindleko zokuhlola namaphutha ezinkampanini, ngakho inqwaba yamabhizinisi isiqalile ukuzama ukufaka isicelo sokubhaliswa kokudla okusebenzayo.

Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkampani zobisi ezincane neziphakathi nazo zizama ukusika emakethe yokudla okunomsoco ngokubhalisa ukudla okusebenzayo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, inqubomgomo yokulebula esebenzayo ithandwa ama-smes ngenxa yomkhawulo wayo ophansi kanye nezici zesistimu zokumaketha kokuqala bese kuvunyelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusho kwe-Yano Institute of Economic Research, ingxenye yokudla okusebenzayo kokudla okunomsoco / ukudla okuvamile / imikhiqizo emisha ngu-53.6% / 42.6% / 3.8%, futhi ukudla okujwayelekile nakho kunesabelo esikhulu, okubandakanya amabhizinisi embonini eminingi ukuze angene futhi anothise uhlobo lokudla okusebenzayo.