Amandla e-mannose emkhakheni wezokwenziwa kwemithi agxile kakhulu ezindleleni ezimbalwa ezithile, ezinye zazo esezivele zisetshenziswa emtholampilo (njengokuvimbela ukutheleleka ngomgudu womchamo), kuyilapho ezinye zisocwaningweni oluyisisekelo noma esigabeni sokuqala sokuhlolwa komtholampilo. Amathemba afanele ukunakwa, kodwa ubufakazi obengeziwe buyadingeka ukuze kusekelwe. Chaza amandla ayo kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

?

1, Izinkambu Zokusebenza Ezaziwa/Ezikhulile

Ukuvimbela izifo zomgudu womchamo (i-rUTI) ?

Indlela yokwenza: Ukuphathwa ngomlomo kwe-mannose kubangela ukugcwala okuphezulu komchamo emchameni, ngokuncintisana kuvimbe ukuboshwa kwe-FimH pilin adhesin kusuka kumagciwane afana ne-Escherichia coli kuya kumaseli e-epithelial esinyeni, ukuvimbela amabhaktheriya ukuthi akhule futhi agezwe umchamo.

Ubufakazi:

Izifundo eziningi zemitholampilo, njengokuqhathanisa ne-furantoin ye-antibiotic, zibonise ukuthi i-1.5-2g ye-mannose ngosuku iphumelela njengama-antibiotic e-dose ephansi ekuvimbeleni i-rUTI ebangelwa i-Escherichia coli kwabesifazane, futhi inengozi ephansi yokumelana.

Imihlahlandlela ye-European Association of Urology (EAU) ikubeka njengenye indlela yokuvimbela i-rUTI (Izinga Lobufakazi: B).

Izinzuzo: Ukuphepha okuphezulu (imiphumela engemihle yesisu), ayikho ingozi yokumelana nama-antibiotic ebanzi.

Imikhawulo: Isebenza kuphela ekuvimbeleni futhi ayikwazi ukufaka ama-antibiotics ekwelapheni izifo ezinzima; Umthelela ku-non Escherichia coli UTI unomkhawulo.

2, Izindawo ezisesigabeni socwaningo kodwa ezinamandla acacile

Ukwelashwa kwe-Congenital Glycation Disorder (CDG)

?

Inqubo: Ezinye izinhlobo ze-CDG ezingaphansi, njenge-MPI-CDG (uhlobo lwe-CDG-Ib), azinayo i-phosphomannose isomerase (PMI), evimbela ukuguqulwa kwe-mannose-6-phosphate ku-fructose-6-phosphate, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwezitho eziningi.

Ukwelashwa: Ukuphathwa ngomlomo kwe-mannose kungadlula ukukhubazeka kwe-PMI futhi kunikeze ngokuqondile i-mannose-6-phosphate, ukubuyisela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-glycoprotein.

Isimo samanje:

I-FDA igunyaze ukusetshenziswa kwe-mannose ye-MPI-CDG, okungenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezilaphekayo ze-CDG.

Ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kwesifo sesibindi, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-coagulation, nezimpawu zesisu, kodwa imithi yokuphila konke iyadingeka.

Okungaba khona: Hlola inani lokwelapha le-adjuvant kwezinye izinhlobo ezincane ze-CDG, njenge-ALG-CDG.

I-Antitumor immune regulation kanye nokulethwa kwezidakamizwa ???? (Ucwaningo olusebenzayo lwangaphambi komtholampilo)

?

Indlela:

I-Tumor microenvironment ehlosiwe: Ama-macrophage ahlobene ne-Tumor (TAMs) aveza kakhulu ama-mannose receptors (MRC1), kanye nezidakamizwa ezishintshiwe ze-mannose zingalethwa kumathumba ngendlela ehlosiwe.

Ukulawula ukucindezelwa kwamasosha omzimba: Imannose ngokuncintisana ivimbela ama-mannose receptors ebusweni bama-TAM, ivimbele ukuqashelwa kwawo ama-antigen e-mannose glycated ebusweni bamaseli wesimila, angase ahlehlise ukucindezelwa kwamasosha omzimba.

Ukuthuthukisa ukuzwela ngamakhemikhali: Ezifundweni zezilwane, inhlanganisela ye-mannose kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali (njenge-doxorubicin) kungavimbela ngokuphawulekayo ukukhula kwesimila (mhlawumbe ngokuphazamisa ukuguqulwa kweglucose).

Inselele: Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ekusebenzeni kahle komuntu, umthamo ophelele, kanye nezinhlelo zokulethwa.

Izithasiselo ze-Antifungal/antiparasitic infection ??

?

Indlela: Amagciwane afana ne-Candida albicans ne-Plasmodium athembele kuma-receptors e-mannose ukuze ahlasele amaseli. Imannose ingavimba ukunamathela kwayo.

Ucwaningo:

Amamodeli e-in vitro nezilwane abonise ukuthi i-mannose ingavimbela ukunamathela kwe-Candida kumaseli e-epithelial.

Ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene nemithi elwa nomalaleveva kunganciphisa izinga lokutheleleka kwezimuncagazi zikamalaleveva (ukuhlolwa kwezilwane).

Okungaba khona: Njengesithasiselo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemishanguzo ekhona elwa namagciwane kanye nokunciphisa ukumelana nomuthi.

3. Izikhombisi-ndlela zokuhlola ezivelayo (ezingase ziqinisekiswe)

Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (IBD) kanye nokulungisa izithiyo zamathumbu ??

?

Ukuqagela:

I-Mannose ingase ilawule i-gut microbiota (ikhuthaze amagciwane anenzuzo) futhi ivimbele ukunamathela kwebhaktheriya ye-pathogenic.

Thuthukisa umsebenzi wamaprotheni okuvimbela ama-mucosal emathunjini ngokuguqulwa kwe-glycosylation.

Isimo samanje: Amamodeli ezilwane (i-colitis) akhombisa imiphumela ethile yokuvikela, kodwa ucwaningo lwabantu alukho.

Ukulawulwa kwezifo ze-autoimmune ??

?

Ithiyori: I-glycosylation engavamile ihileleke ku-pathogenesis ye-rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, nezinye izifo. I-Mannose supplementation ingase ilungise ukukhubazeka kwe-glycosylation.

Inqubekelaphambili: Ibonwa kuphela kumamodeli amaseli noma inombolo encane kakhulu yezigameko, ngaphandle kokuhlolwa komtholampilo okuqinile.

Ukuvimbela izinkinga zesifo sikashukela ??

?

Umqondo: Ushukela ophezulu wegazi uholela ekungeneni ngokweqile kwe-non-enzymatic glycation (AGEs) yamaprotheni, okubangela izinkinga. I-Mannose metabolism ayincikile ku-insulin futhi ayithinti ushukela wegazi, noma inganciphisa ngokuncintisana ukwakheka kwama-AGE.

Ubufakazi: Ukuhlolwa kwezilwane kubonisa ukuthi ukuqhubeka kwe-diabetes nephropathy kuyehla, futhi ucwaningo lwabantu alunalutho.

4. Izinselele kanye nemikhawulo

Izinselelo eziyinhloko ensimini

Ukuvimbela i-UTI akusebenzi kuma-non Escherichia coli pathogens; Idatha yokuphepha yesikhathi eside ayanele (ikakhulukazi umthelela wokusebenza kwezinso)

Ukwelashwa kwe-CDG kusebenza kuphela kuma-subtypes athile; Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nemithi yokuphila konke kuyadingeka

Ukusebenza kokwelashwa kwesimila emzimbeni womuntu akwaziwa; Imithamo ephezulu ingase ibangele isifo sohudo; Ingozi yobuthi yokuhlanganisa i-chemotherapy idinga ukuhlolwa

Ukungasebenzi ngokwanele kokusetshenziswa okukodwa kwama-adjuvant anti-infective; Isidingo sokuthuthukisa ukwelashwa okuhlangene nemithi ekhona

Ucwaningo olubuthakathaka mayelana nezinqubo kweminye imikhakha esafufusa; Ukuntuleka kwezivivinyo zomtholampilo ezisezingeni eliphezulu; Iningi labo lihlala esigabeni semodeli yezilwane

5. Isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwekusasa

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yokulethwa okunembayo: Dizayina ama-nanocarriers aguquliwe ukuze uthuthukise ukuqondiswa kwesilonda esithathelwanayo.

Ukwenziwa ngcono kokwelapha okuhlanganisiwe: ukuhlola imiphumela ye-synergistic ye-mannose ngama-antibiotics, ama-immune checkpoint inhibitors, nezidakamizwa ezilwa nefungal.

Ukunwetshwa Kwezifo Ezingavamile: Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlobo ezingaphansi ze-CDG ezengeziwe kanye nokuphazamiseka kokulondolozwa kwe-lysosomal okungelashwa ngemannose.

Ukwakhiwa kokukhishwa okuqinile okuthatha isikhathi eside: kuxazulula inkinga yemithi ejwayelekile (njengokusebenzisa nsuku zonke ukuvimbela i-UTI).

Isu lokuhlukaniswa kwabantu: imithi enembayo esekelwe ohlotsheni lwe-pathogen (UTI) noma ukuguqulwa kofuzo (CDG)