1. Indlela yokukhipha eqondile

I-Xylitol yaqala ukuhlukaniswa namagxolo ezihlahla ze-oki ngusosayensi waseJalimane u-Hermann Emil Fischer ngo-1890. I-Xylitol ngokwemvelo ikhona ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezisekelwe esitshalweni emvelweni, njengama-strawberries, ama-plums aphuzi, ukholifulawa, nezinye izithelo nemifino (300-935 mg/100 g isisindo esomile). Ukukhishwa kwe-solvent kungasetshenziswa ukukhipha i-xylitol ngokuqondile ezintweni ezisekelwe esitshalweni, kodwa okuqukethwe kwe-xylitol kuncane ezintweni ezisekelwe ezitshalweni ezifana nezithelo nemifino. Nakuba okuqukethwe kwe-xylitol kuma-apricot plums kuphakeme kunezinye izinto ezisekelwe esitshalweni, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-xylitol kuma-plums aluhlaza kubala cishe u-1% wesisindo esomile, ukukhipha ngokuqondile i-xylitol kuwo kudinga imishini ekhethekile, kudla amandla amakhulu, futhi kunezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza.

2. Indlela ye-Chemical synthesis

Ngawo-1970s, iFinland yaba ngeyokuqala ukusebenzisa i-chromatography ukuze ihlukanise i-D-xylose kuma-hemicellulose anokhuni ahlukahlukene. Kamuva, i-D-xylose yehliswa yaba yi-xylitol ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukucindezela okukhulu, kanye ne-hydrogen catalysis, futhi yathuthukiswa yaba indlela yokukhiqiza i-xylitol yezimboni.

I-Xylitol ingancishiswa ngokuqondile ibe yi-D-xylose emsulwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, noma ihlanganiswe kusuka ku-lignocellulosic biomass ecebile nge-xylose. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-xylitol ngaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe kuvame ukusebenzisa izinto ezingavuthiwe ezinothe ngama-polysaccharides e-pentose, njengotshani bemvelo kakolweni, ukolweni, isitofu sommbila, isikhwebu sommbila, njll., okwenziwa kuqala nge-acid hydrolysis (njenge-HCI, HSO), bese ihlanzwa kumafrakshini e-hemicellulose. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-xylose ithola ukusabela kwe-hydrogenation.

3. Indlela yokuguqulwa kwezinto eziphilayo

Umzila we-biotechnology ubandakanya ukukhishwa kwemfucuza yezolimo equkethe ushukela we-pentose (njengezikhwebu zommbila, i-bagasse, ne-olive pomace) ene-asidi exutshiwe ukuze kutholwe i-xylose hydrolysate, ebese yehliselwa ku-xylitol yizinambuzane. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-microbial fermentation ye-hemicellulose hydrolyzate ukukhiqiza i-xylitol kunezinzuzo zezimo zokusabela okuncane, ukusebenza okulula, ubungane bemvelo, ukungcola okuphansi kwesihlobo, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo othembekile, okwenza kube enye indlela engabizi kakhulu yokuthola le polyol.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-xylitol yinde uma kuqhathaniswa, kodwa izinqubo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile kufanele zibanjwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-xylitol nokuqhubeka kahle kokukhiqizwa. Lokhu kwaziwa njengenqubo yokuhlanganyela. Lapho izinqubo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile seziqediwe, amaphuzu abalulekile okukhiqizwa kwe-xylitol ayabanjwa.

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